Argus Clean Ammonia North America Conference

• Monetisation pathways: What is a carbon credit? What is an offsetting project?
• Insetting models: What do these models look like in the agriculture space? How could these change as ammonia buyers shift from current to new market applications? 
• What do these models mean for suppliers of low-carbon products and buyers? 

• Pent-up demand. What’s happened to the Inflation Reduction Act? 
• What does this mean for clean ammonia?
• What clarity has there been for projects and industry hubs?  Hub funding dwarfed by production tax credits in 2024 — will this change in 2025? 

• In detail: What do global regulatory changes mean for green and blue ammonia projects in the US and Canada? 
• How valuable and important will low-carbon ammonia be, and how does it compare with other low-carbon fuels? 
• How are alternative markets for offtake developing — mobility, transportation.

• Clarity on the definition for blue ammonia in Europe: Will blue ammonia producers be able to market their products in Europe?
• Incumbent customers and newer ones: How are they looking at blue ammonia to start their decarbonisation journey? 
• What would the European market be willing to pay? How will CBAM be factored in?

• How is the first CFD scheme in Japan going? Results from the Clean Hydrogen Portfolio Standard (CHPS) scheme in South Korea.
• Will northeast Asia still be of interest to North America? 
• What are market participants in northeast Asia looking for in prospective projects as co-developers and investors in North America? 

• Visibility on blue ammonia project development: What are the most realistic projects?
• Significant deal developments and investments: A positive signal for the market, but what do financing changes really mean?
• What consolidation has the market seen in projects for hydrogen and ammonia?

• Economics of green ammonia; inflation and value chain bottlenecks are getting better — will prices come down? 
• How to manage risk on first of a kind projects.
• What is ‘green’s’ place in domestic vs export markets?

Understanding project dynamics, financing and technology approaches.

• Showing the industry the economics of projects work.
• How comfortable are developers with blue technologies vs green? 
• How much does the technology difference matter in overall project economics? (Renewables, electrolysers, Haber Bosch.)

• CO2 pipelines and sequestration hubs; CO2 permitting difficulties — a strategic move? 
• Midstream pipeline development and assets. 

• How to achieve clear methodology on emissions for natural gas. 
• Do North American standards fit with EU regulations and requirements? How do they differ? 
• What are the implications for blue ammonia producers on product travelling to Europe when it comes to the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM)? 

• What is ammonia’s advantage over hydrogen: Clean ammonia is a tradeable product — a twist on the current market. 
• Does it make sense to import ammonia to Europe and crack it, or to just produce hydrogen in Europe?
• Using energy at the point of production in the form of hydrogen vs transporting in the form of ammonia. 
• Is the hype for hydrogen winding down? Is clean ammonia’s moment here? 

• Renewables, low carbon energy: Cost and availability beginning to increase, with large demand emerging from data centres and large power activities. With a limited amount of capacity, who will get the resource? 
• Could grid capacity limits directly affect blue and green ammonia projects? 
• When will data centres peak? Will this trend continue to grow?

• Do oilseed and corn farmers, and fertilizer producers, see a way of monetising lower carbon intensity ammonia? 
• How is 45Z incentivising the ethanol industry to purchase low-carbon corn and ammonia? 
• How to manage scope 3 emissions.

• How is the potential use of ammonia as a marine fuel developing? What factors have contributed to this — engine developments, demonstrations and more. 
• MEPC IMO: What effects are regulations for greenhouse gas reductions having on the global shipping industry? 
• Tugboat case study: What has been learned? 

• Public acceptance in North America — what more needs to be done? 
• Safety know-how of the ammonia industry — dispelling fears. 
• Maritime sector: Refuelling vessels with ammonia — what safety and engineering precautions are needed to make it happen? 

• US Gulf Coast experience and expertise with handling ammonia: What’s already there and what more needs to be developed? 
• East coast challenges with ammonia storage: Where will storage be? What more is needed for port operators? 
• Which regions are building out their ammonia capacity to serve different markets? 

• Why are these technology innovations important for the development of infrastructure for clean ammonia adoption in the energy transition?
• What role could offshore play in alleviating the challenge of transporting liquid ammonia from onshore to remote, offshore tankers? 
• How could this unlock solutions for the marine fuel sector in the adoption of ammonia as a low-carbon fuel?