Japanese refiner Eneos is gearing up efforts to secure domestic used cooking oil (UCO) supply to use the feedstock to produce sustainable aviation fuel (SAF), possibly from 2026.
Eneos said on 7 February that it has agreed to procure an unspecified volume of UCO from Japanese real estate firm Tokyu Land. Eneos plans to collect UCO from a shopping centre, hotels and golf clubs operated by the firm.
Eneos is aiming to use the UCO at its planned SAF production plant in western Japan's Wakayama prefecture. The SAF plant, which will have an output capacity of 400,000 kilolitre (kl) /yr, is expected to begin operations in the April 2026-March 2027 fiscal year. The company will supply its UCO for soap and ink production as well as exports, before the plant's commissioning.
Eneos previously agreed in September 2023 to co-operate with Japanese beverage producer Suntory on UCO collection, also to be used for SAF production at Wakayama.
Eneos scrapped the 120,000 b/d Wakayama refinery in October 2023, after operating it for 82 years since 1941. The company will revamp the site to produce cleaner energy, such as SAF and renewable power, to align with the country's decarbonisation strategy to ensure net zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050.
Investment in domestic SAF production is gaining momentum among Japanese refiners, as the country's trade and industry ministry Meti has set a goal to use 10pc (or 1.71mn kl/yr) SAF in domestic jet fuel consumption by 2030. UCO is potentially a key feedstocksin SAF production, although its supply remains limited.
Around 380,000t of UCO was collected in Japan during the April 2021-March 2022 fiscal year, according to the country's federation for UCO recycling co-operatives UCO Japan. Of which, 200,000t was used for livestock feed, mainly for chicken, while 120,000t was exported to mainly Europe.
Meti has encouraged domestic SAF production to enhance national energy security. Tokyo plans to spend around ¥340bn ($2.3bn) for five years from 2024-25 to help develop SAF production, leveraging its green transformation (GX) economic transition bonds. The GX bonds will supplement the country's public-private investments in SAF production and supply chains of its feedstocks, which is estimated to require more than ¥1 trillion over 10 years from 2023-24.