Wave of US naphtha cargoes booked to Asia

Spanish Market: LPG, Oil products, Petrochemicals
08/04/20

Energy traders have chartered at least ten clean tankers to load refined products — primarily the blendstock naphtha — in the Americas this month for shipment to Asia, where Covid-19 containment measures are loosening and petrochemical plants are starting up.

Naphtha, which competes with LPG as a feedstock for petrochemical plants, is also used in the US to blend with gasoline, but demand fell to a nearly three-decade low last week. Naptha prices have collapsed, with Gulf coast outright cash prices for heavy, full-range and light naphtha falling by about two-thirds since the end of February.

The price drop came around the same time refining and petrochemical industries began restarting in Asia. That created a wider arbitrage that also provided one of the only viable outlets for US Gulf coast producers amid a growing domestic supply glut.

Vitol booked the Seaways Skopelos, Equinor booked the Torm Troilus, Valero booked the Carina, and two charterers booked the STI Brooklyn and Wenche Victory — all medium range (MR) tankers — for Asia-bound naphtha movements with mid-April loading in the US Gulf coast. The Challenge Phoenix, another MR tanker, loaded naphtha in Houston yesterday and is steaming toward the Panama Canal en route to Asia.

Total placed the STI Expedite, a long range (LR1) tanker, on subjects for a US Gulf coast-Asia gasoline movement after the tanker failed to fix to BP for what would have been the first reported clean tanker floating storage booking in the US Gulf coast this year.

Asia-bound naphtha export activity in the Americas is not limited to the US Gulf coast. In Brazil, which is normally a refined products importer, Petrobras booked two LR1 tankers, the BW Yangtze and the Till Jacob, for naphtha export cargoes with the option to discharge in Asia.

On the US west coast, where an open export arbitrage has kept shipping rates elevated, company Tartan booked the Pag and Ardmore Seafox MR tankers for Asia-bound naphtha voyages from 15 April. BP put the Navig8 Strength MR tanker on subjects for the same trip with 10 April loading.

The much lower naphtha prices make it economical as a petrochemical cracking feedstock, but many US petrochemical plants have limited ability to run high volumes of naphtha. This leaves exports as one of the remaining avenues.

But exports to typical South American buyers were suppressed in recent weeks by spreading pandemic. Mexico, which typically buys two to three 270,000 bl cargoes of heavy naphtha each month, did not tender to purchase any cargoes for April delivery.

Gulf coast N+A naphtha is priced as differentials to the Gulf coast waterborne conventional gasoline (GC WB) while light virgin naphtha (LVN) is priced as differentials to natural gasoline (C5). Both pricing bases plummeted in March from the dual blows of a Saudi-Russia crude market-share battle and reduced products demand from efforts to limit the spread of Covid-19.

Heavy naphtha cash prices were assessed at 35.32¢/USG on 7 April, compared to 105.53¢/USG on 28 February. LVN outright values were 33.25¢/USG and 95.75¢/USG respectively for the same dates.

By Daphne Tan and Nicholas Watt

Related news posts

Argus illuminates the markets by putting a lens on the areas that matter most to you. The market news and commentary we publish reveals vital insights that enable you to make stronger, well-informed decisions. Explore a selection of news stories related to this one.

20/12/24

Shell and Prax call off deal on German refinery stake

Hamburg, 20 December (Argus) — Shell's planned sale of its 37.5pc stake in Germany's 226,000 b/d Schwedt refinery to UK energy firm Prax has fallen through. "Both parties have taken the decision not to proceed with the transaction," Prax said, without elaborating. The refinery will continue to operate as normal, it said. Shell said the companies had reached the end of an agreed timeframe for closing the deal. It said it is still looking to sell the stake. The deal with Prax, which was announced a year ago , was initially due to be completed in the first half of 2024. Shell owns its stake in Schwedt through the PCK joint venture, which also includes Italy's Eni and Rosneft Deutschland, one of the Russian firm's two German subsidiaries. Shell previously attempted to sell its PCK share to Austria-based Alcmene in 2021 but that deal failed to complete after Rosneft Deutschland exercised its pre-emption rights later that year. Rosneft was unable to buy the stake after the German government placed its two German subsidiaries under trust administration in 2022 in the wake of Moscow's invasion of Ukraine, forcing Shell to seek an alternative buyer. In October, a court in Germany rejected a complaint by Rosneft Deutschland against Shell's plan to sell its PCK stake to Prax. By Svea Winter Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

Trump backs new deal to avoid shutdown: Update

19/12/24

Trump backs new deal to avoid shutdown: Update

Adds updates throughout Washington, 19 December (Argus) — US president-elect Donald Trump is offering his support for a rewritten spending bill that would avoid a government shutdown but leave out a provision authorizing year-round 15pc ethanol gasoline (E15) sales. The bill — which Republicans rewrote today after Trump attacked an earlier bipartisan agreement — would avoid a government shutdown starting Saturday, deliver agricultural aid and provide disaster relief. Trump said the bill was a "very good deal" that would also include a two-year suspension of the "very unnecessary" ceiling on federal debt, until 30 January 2027. "All Republicans, and even the Democrats, should do what is best for our Country, and vote 'YES' for this Bill, TONIGHT!" Trump wrote in a social media post. Passing the bill would require support from Democrats, who are still reeling after Trump and his allies — including Tesla chief executive Elon Musk — upended a spending deal they had spent weeks negotiating with US House speaker Mike Johnson (R-Louisiana). Democrats have not yet said if they would vote against the new agreement. "We are prepared to move forward with the bipartisan agreement that we thought was negotiated in good faith with House Republicans," House minority leader Hakeem Jeffries (D-New York) said earlier today. That earlier deal would have kept the government funded through 14 March, in addition to providing a one-year extension to the farm bill, $100bn in disaster relief and $10bn in aid for farmers. The bill would also provide a waiver that would avoid a looming ban on summertime sales of E15 across much of the US. Ethanol industry officials said they would urge lawmakers to vote against any package without the E15 provision. "Pulling E15 out of the bill makes absolutely no sense and is an insult to America's farmers and renewable fuel producers," Renewable Fuels Association chief executive Geoff Cooper said. If no agreement is reached by Friday at 11:59pm ET, federal agencies would have to furlough millions of workers and curtail services, although some agencies are able to continue operations in the event of a short-term funding lapse. Air travel is unlikely to face immediate interruptions because key federal workers are considered "essential," but some work on permits, agricultural and import data, and regulations could be curtailed. The US Federal Energy Regulatory Commission has funding to get through a "short-term" shutdown but could be affected by a longer shutdown, chairman Willie Phillips said. The US Department of Energy expects "no disruptions" if funding lapses for 1-5 days, according to its shutdown plan. The US Environmental Protection Agency would furlough about 90pc of its nearly 17,000 staff in the event of a shutdown, according to a plan it updated earlier this year. By Chris Knight Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

US Congress passes waterways bill

19/12/24

US Congress passes waterways bill

Houston, 19 December (Argus) — The US Senate has passed a bipartisan waterways infrastructure bill, providing a framework for further investment in the country's waterways system. The waterways bill, also known as the Water Resources and Development Act (WRDA), was approved by the Senate in a 97-1 vote on 18 December after clearing the US House of Representatives on 10 December. The WRDA's next stop is the desk of President Joe Biden, who is expected to sign the bill. The WRDA has been passed every two years, authorizing the US Army Corps of Engineers (Corps) to undertake waterways infrastructure and navigation projects. Funding for individual projects must still be approved by Congress. Several agriculture-based groups voiced their support for the bill, saying it will improve transit for agricultural products on US waterways. The bill also shifts the funding of waterways projects to 75pc from the federal government and 25pc from the Inland Waterways Trust Fund instead of the previous 65-35pc split. "Increasing the general fund portion of the cost-share structure will promote much needed investment for inland navigation projects, as well as provide confidence to the industry that much needed maintenance and modernization of our inland waterway system will happen," Fertilizer Institute president Corey Rosenbusch said. The bill includes a provision to assist with the damaged Wilson Lock along the Tennessee River in Alabama. By Meghan Yoyotte Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

Viewpoint: Politics, economy key to bitumen recovery

19/12/24

Viewpoint: Politics, economy key to bitumen recovery

London, 19 December (Argus) — Political change and uncertainty will come to dominate the European bitumen market more than usual in 2025, while demand could decline further than it did in 2024. Market participants are trying to pin down the bottom of the market for bitumen demand, after falling for several years in most of Europe. And support for demand seems far from certain in 2025 given spiralling public debt, political uncertainty and a lack of funding for road maintenance and projects in most European countries. But there could be some positive economic news as interest rates start to fall and inflation returns to more normal levels, while the outlook for oil prices in 2025 is less bullish than previously with plentiful supply forecast. Increased supply and lower crude prices would tend to pressure lower bitumen prices, which could support consumption, given road budgets can be stretched further. Politics seems more unpredictable than ever, with various elections and other changes expected in 2025, often shifting to the right or populist wing in Europe. The necessity of road maintenance and project work to support economies is plain to see for governments, but there is uncertainty on the priority they will be given by some new political forces emerging. Bitumen production is still going to be plentiful in the new year, despite some refinery closures and problems in the past year and more. Issues at both Greek and Turkish refineries, which are powerhouses for Mediterranean bitumen exports, will not have a major impact given the weaker demand in much of north Africa and the lack of available arbitrage routes. Outlets to the US and east of Suez are closed at present and show little sign of re-emerging strongly in the period ahead. Spring maintenance, particularly a February to May shutdown at Algerian Sonatrach's 198,000 b/d Augusta refinery in Sicily, will also limit supply just when demand starts to seasonally rise. In the last viewpoint Argus expected a weaker year for 2024 demand, while also looking at pricing and how differentials to high-sulphur fuel oil (HSFO) could go negative. As winter approaches at the end of 2024 this has happened in the north of Europe and fob cargo discounts have been seen in the eastern Mediterranean all year. Bitumen market fundamentals have drifted further away from those of crude and HSFO in the last year, although a relationship still exists with HSFO maintaining a persistent standing as a price marker for inland bitumen markets for weekly or monthly calculations and for export waterborne prices as the basis with a differential. But Argus expected that traders would seek more arbitrage movements from the European Mediterranean, and this did not come to fruition in 2024, with little seen moving to the US and even less to the Asia-Pacific region. There is not much indication this will change in 2025 with lower prices and plentiful supply in Asia and US supply points. Poorer refining margins may have an impact in 2025 after the strength post-Covid, which will put more renewed pressure on older and simpler refiners to close. These facilities are more likely to produce bitumen. Instead traders will rely on large new ships to feed supply and move bitumen longer distances, a trend already well underway with a number of new ships entering service. Freight costs should stay at elevated levels given the ETS scheme comes into fuller effect in 2025 after first being implemented in 2024. The inclusion of shipping in this EU scheme will oblige shipowners and charterers of vessels from 5,000 gross tonnes to purchase carbon allowances, rising from 40pc of carbon emissions in 2024, to 70pc in 2025, before 100pc in 2026. From uncertainty can come opportunity and with the worst of the economic outlook now behind us then perhaps 2025 can be the beginning of the end in the downtrend for bitumen demand and we start to see vital road maintenance work and infrastructure projects get the funding they need. By Jonathan Weston Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

Reliability drives New Zealand power mix: Minister

19/12/24

Reliability drives New Zealand power mix: Minister

Sydney, 19 December (Argus) — New Zealand's conservative coalition government wants to ensure reliable generation, whether that is from coal, oil, gas, or geothermal resources, the country's resources minister Shane Jones told Argus this week. Jones was also clear about the need to draw a distinction between "the expectations on [a] small, open trading nation like [New Zealand] not to use coal and the major hope[s] and needs of the average New Zealander for affordable power, reliable power." "If [reliable power] comes from coal, that's the mix and the menu for the future," he added. Jones argued that existing renewable power sources cannot exclusively provide for New Zealand's energy needs. He instead suggested that his government is interested in promoting alternative power sources such as oil, gas and geothermal, through investments and policy changes. New Zealand's coal-fired power generation surged between July-September, according to the New Zealand's Ministry of Business Innovation and Employment (MBIE). Coal rose to 8pc of total generation from 3pc a year earlier, following a drop in hydroelectric power production. The country burned 363,513t of coal over those months, more than tripling its use for power generation purposes compared to the same period last year. Oil, gas Jones has taken steps to boost the country's oil sector since taking office in late 2023, following the coalition's victory over the centre-left Labour party. The minister introduced the Crown Minerals Amendment Bill in June, a piece of legislation that he described as being "aimed at increasing investor confidence in petroleum exploration and development." Jones told Argus that under the previous government, "people who may have been willing to [make] investment[s] and bring patient capital concluded that New Zealand was no longer available as a destination for oil and gas and this has resulted in a diminution in [oil] investment." The Crown Minerals Amendment Bill will overturn a 2018 ban on offshore oil exploration, which was introduced while Jones was serving in an earlier Labour-led coalition government. New Zealand's oil sector increased its annual well spending from NZ$110mn ($63.2mn) in 2018 to NZ$403mn, in the years following the ban in 2018. The total number of active oil permits in the country has plunged from 56 to 37 over the same period, MBIE data show. New Zealand likely houses at least 223.5bn m³ of undiscovered, offshore gas reserves; 249mn bl of undiscovered, offshore oil reserves; and 177mn bl of undiscovered, offshore NGL reserves, mostly scattered around the North Island, according to US Geological Survey (USGS) estimates in 2022. The country's discovered, recoverable reserves are at between 38.3mn-52.7mn bl of oil; 29.4bn-39.8bn m³ of gas; and between 1.2mn–1.4mn t of LPG as of 1 January 2024, according to the MBIE. Besides restarting oil exploration, the Crown Minerals Amendment Bill also seeks to change permitting processes to drive capital into the sector. Permits are currently allocated through a competitive tender process, Jones told Argus this week. The government wants "the flexibility to use alternative processes to match investor interest in the most efficient and effective way by allowing the option of using non-tender methods." MBIE has indicated that the government may start using ‘priority in time' tenders, which allocates permits to the first eligible projects that apply for them, once the bill passes. But the Crown Minerals Amendment Bill does not specify how the government will manage non-competitive tenders. The government is also not using the Crown Minerals Amendment Bill to "specifically intervene in coal mining operations" in New Zealand, Jones said. But coal demand will fall "in the event that [the government is] able to expand the supply of indigenous gas," he noted. Geothermal The government's energy strategy also appears to involve doubling down on domestic geothermal generation, which is New Zealand's second most common source of power. Geothermal generators produced 2,363GWh of power between July-September, accounting for 20.5pc of total generation, in line with historical averages, according to MBIE data. New Zealand's government seems to be trying to push that share up. The government in early December decided to allocate up to NZ$60mn of public infrastructure funding to research for deep, geothermal energy production. The work will focus on drilling geothermal wells up to 6km deep, nearly twice the depth of standard wells. Jones told Argus that New Zealand officials are currently in Japan, discussing supercritical geothermal generation opportunities with engineers and scientists. By Avinash Govind Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

Business intelligence reports

Get concise, trustworthy and unbiased analysis of the latest trends and developments in oil and energy markets. These reports are specially created for decision makers who don’t have time to track markets day-by-day, minute-by-minute.

Learn more