Base metals
Overview
From vehicle lightweighting to increased demand for copper to wire our connected world, base metals are used widely in manufacturing industrial and consumer products, and demand is only going to increase. Base metals are the most connected to the futures market already so what does even more demand mean for commodity investments?
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Base metals coverage
Argus delivers price data on over 300 base metals through the LME, CME and COMEX, as well as proprietary assessments. Our market news and analysis spans copper, aluminium, nickel, lead, tin, zinc and other base metals crucial to commercial and industrial enterprises.
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Highlights of Argus global base metals coverage
- Value-added exchange data tools offer a deeper level of insight to the standard exchange feed windows (calculated derived cash, global view of all exchanges on a single screen, threshold alerts).
- Full suite of non-ferrous scrap prices can be analysed to detect correlations or leading indicators for base metals prices.
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- Base metals workspaces facilitate an holistic view of each individual market’s performance.
Latest base metals news
Browse the latest market moving news on the global base metals industry.
US cobalt supply set to tighten under Trump tariffs
US cobalt supply set to tighten under Trump tariffs
London, 27 November (Argus) — US president-elect Donald Trump's plan to impose new tariffs against China, Mexico and Canada appears set to tighten cobalt metal supplies in the US, as one of the three western brands accepted for most aerospace uses will likely be affected. Trump on the evening of 25 November wrote on his Truth Social platform that he would impose a new 10pc tariff on Chinese goods in addition to a pre-existing 25pc duty on Chinese cobalt, and 25pc duties on Canadian and Mexican goods entering the US. While the impact of the tariff on Chinese metal entering the US would be largely "irrelevant", according to trading firms, the tariff on Canadian cobalt metal could tighten its supply to the US' aerospace market. Brazilian mining group Vale produces cobalt and nickel at its operations in Port Colborne and Long Harbour in Canada's Ontario province. Vale produced 2,300t of cobalt metal last year. The other two large western suppliers of cobalt metal, Sumitomo Metal Mining (SMM) in Japan and Glencore's Nikkelverk in Norway, produced 3,800t and 3,500t, respectively, comprising a combined western total of 9,600t. "If Canadian (cobalt) now clocks a 25pc duty, that makes SMM and Nikkelverk much more valuable," a trading firm said, adding that some suppliers may have negotiated a tariff clause in contracts this year to avoid any potential impact from the US election. Annual contract negotiations for cobalt have extended longer this year because of uncertainty stemming from the US election in early November. "[Sellers will] have an issue on their long-term contracts if they don't include a tariff clause," a market participant said. Indonesian supply to increase A potential source of cobalt metal that could fill the gap left by the potential absence of Canadian material is Indonesia, which until now has avoided Trump's attention. "The 25pc duty on Canadian imports will impact Vale, basically puts them in a similar status as Chinese, so [we] could see a dramatic drop in imports," a trading firm said. "Normally, this would tighten the market further, but I think this will be easily compensated by the influx of Indonesian metal that will hit the US market." Many ASEAN countries, including Indonesia, have a delicate balancing act to play with Trump. They must navigate between maintaining their relationship with their largest trading partner — in most cases China — and benefiting from US-based global corporations' moves to diversify supply chains away from China. Nowhere is Indonesia's unsteady equilibrium clearer than in the battery market, where several nickel projects, a few which also produce cobalt, are in development thanks to investments from both Chinese and western companies. Some of this cobalt is heading to the US, and several trading companies are confirmed by Argus to have Indonesian material on the water. The new supplies, produced by PT Lygend in Indonesia, are shipped to a warehouse in Ningbo, China, then packaged and sent onwards to the US. Across August and September, Indonesia exported 180t of cobalt metal to China, much of which was shipped to the US. Cut cathodes and that with quality similar to Chinese brands recently have sold on the international market at either side of $10/lb. Similar prices could see Indonesian cobalt compete with existing brands in the US, but it will take "up to two years" to become qualified for use in aerospace applications, a trading source said. Indonesia's trade with the US last year amounted to $23bn, making it the country's second-largest trading partner after China at $65bn. Indonesia's trade with China has grown at a compound annual growth rate of 20pc over the past 10 years, while trade with the US grew at 4.59pc. Indonesia's combined trade with the rest of the world climbed by 7pc over the same period, data show. US investments in Indonesia totalled $67bn from 2014-23, according to a report by the US Chamber of Commerce. "Jakarta's view will continue to be how to extract the most out of both powers and engage more partners for Indonesia's own interest," said research group ASEAN Wonk Global chief executive and founder Prashanth Parameswaran in a recent report for US congressional think-tank the Wilson Center. Trump has clearly indicated a desire to impose tariffs on imports from much of the world, hoping to isolate countries and renegotiate trade deals on terms that are favourable to the US. There is a risk that Indonesia may end up on this list, as fellow ASEAN country Vietnam discovered in 2019, when Trump labelled it the "worst abuser" of US trade policy. But at this point, there is no clear indication either way, and cobalt trading companies are looking to use this opportunity while it lasts. By Thomas Kavanagh Indonesian foreign trade Cobalt metal suppliers t Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.
Q&A: Boston Metal Brazil’s sales to start in early 2025
Q&A: Boston Metal Brazil’s sales to start in early 2025
Sao Paulo, 26 November (Argus) — Metals technology company Boston Metal expects to start commercialisation in Brazil in early 2025. The company, which has developed molten oxide electrolysis (MOE) technology to improve metals extractions, initially will focus on extracting so-called "high-value" metals from tin slags at its plant in Minas Gerais state. The move is part of the company's effort to offer greener metals to the market and comes at the time when the company is developing MOE technology in the US to produce green steel. Metals reporter Carolina Pulice talked with Boston Metal's Brazil commercial director Gustavo Macedo about MOE technology and the company's plans for the future. The interview has been translated from Portuguese. Can you explain what MOE technology is? MOE technology was developed at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in the 1980s. It uses the electrolysis process on metals, a process that has been known for a long time. What is different about MOE is that its platform can be used to separate an infinite number of metals. Our company started to use MOE technology in iron ore to make it greener. After it has gone through the electrolysis process, iron is practically pure and releases only oxygen and then [you have] green steel. The great advantage of this process on iron ore is that you can use the metal with any grade, different from the hydrogen route that demands high contents of iron ore. And what will the operation in Brazil be like? Our focus in Brazil is to extract three metals from local tin slags — tantalum, niobium and tin — from our plant in Minas Gerais state. It is a rich region and has plenty of cassiterite, with a lot of mining waste available. At our new plant in Minas Gerais, we will start producing ferro-tin and a ferro-tantalum niobium alloy. We are already operating our pilot and demonstration plants. We plan the first commercialisation at the beginning of 2025. Our main market is likely to be China, where we will export our material to be used in the electronics industry. The move comes at a time when more consumers are demanding greener supply chains. And this is an advantage for us because Minas Gerais state can already secure 100pc renewable electric energy. The global tantalum chain is very complex because more than half of this metal comes from conflict regions in Africa. Can you tell us a bit more about Boston Metal's operations in the US? Our goal there is to develop MOE technology for the production of green steel. Steelmakers would add this process to their operations by replacing their blast furnaces with MOE technology, allowing them to produce pure iron by utilising electricity instead of coking coal. Our headquarters in the US is already at the stage where they are building our first demonstration plant. MOE technology at present demands 4MWh of energy per tonne of steel. Electric arc furnaces that process scrap currently have consumption of 0.5-0.8MWh/t. By Carolina Pulice Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.
Japan’s crude steel output drops further in October
Japan’s crude steel output drops further in October
Tokyo, 21 November (Argus) — Japan's crude steel production in October fell on the year for an eighth straight month, partly because of lower steel demand from the construction sector. The country produced 6.9mn t of crude steel in October, down by 7.8pc from a year earlier, according to preliminary data released by industry group the Japan Iron and Steel Federation (JISF) on 21 November. Crude steel production by basic oxygen furnace (BOF) fell by 6.8pc on the year to 5.1mn t, marking the eighth consecutive month of year-on-year fall. Crude steel output by electric arc furnace (EAF) declined for a third straight month by 10.5pc to 1.8mn t. A double-digit output fall by EAF is partly reflecting the weaker steel demand in the construction sector. The country's steel demand is heavily dependent on the automobile and construction sectors, and steel products for each industry are generally produced using the BOF and EAF methods respectively. Booked orders of ordinary steel for construction use in September fell by 11.3pc on the year to 651,035t, marking the fourth consecutive month of year-on-year decline, according to the separate data released by JISF on 18 November. The country's major steel producer JFE on 6 November revised downward its crude steel output to 22.4mn t for the current fiscal year ending 31 March 2025. This is 600,000t lower than its initial figure announced in August, partly owing to weaker than anticipated steel demand from the construction sector, according to the steel company. Rising material costs and labour shortages are causing delays in major construction projects, JFE said, adding that lower steel demand in the construction industry is "becoming even more obvious.". By Yusuke Maekawa Japanese ferrous output ('000't) Oct '24 Sep '24 Oct '23 m-o-m ± % y-o-y ± % Crude steel production Ordinary steel 5,328 5,098 5,792 4.5 -8.0 Specialty steel 1,597 1,525 1,719 4.7 -7.1 Total crude production 6,925 6,623 7,511 4.6 -7.8 Crude steel production method Basic oxygen furnace 5,101 4,794 5,473 6.4 -6.8 Electric arc furnace 1,824 1,829 2,038 -0.3 -10.5 Pig iron production 5,075 4,802 5,405 5.7 -6.1 Source: Japan Iron and Steel federation *Based on preliminary data Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.
Graphjet launches Malaysian biomass-to-graphite plant
Graphjet launches Malaysian biomass-to-graphite plant
Singapore, 20 November (Argus) — Nasdaq-listed Graphjet Technology has started operations at its artificial graphite plant in Malaysia, which will produce battery-grade graphite using recycled palm kernel shells (PKS), the firm said on 19 November. Graphjet's facility has the capacity to produce 3,000 t/yr of graphite by recycling up to 9,000 t/yr of PKS, which is sufficient to produce batteries for 40,000 electric vehicles (EVs)/yr. The firm has already received its first shipment of PKS, it said. Graphjet has another artificial graphite production facility planned in US' Nevada, and it plans to produce hard carbon at the Malaysian facility to use as feedstock at the Nevada facility. The Nevada facility is expected to have the capacity to recycle 30,000 t/yr of PKS to produce 10,000 t/yr of battery-grade artificial graphite and is slated to begin production in 2026, said Graphjet in April. China, the dominant producer of graphite, added a number of graphite products into its export licensing scheme at the end of last year. The move back then alarmed its neighbours, Japan and South Korea , which are major battery-producing countries and they have since been looking to reduce their dependency on Chinese graphite. China's graphite flake exports fell by 23pc to 44,103t during January-September following the exports curb, according to Chinese customs data. By Joseph Ho Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.
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