Mercados de carbono
Resumen
Los mercados del carbono se están desarrollando como una palanca económica crucial en el reto de revertir la acumulación de gases de efecto invernadero en la atmósfera de la Tierra, mientras que el CO2 sigue siendo un factor clave en una serie de sectores industriales.
Los gobiernos nacionales están adoptando los mercados del carbono, con una proliferación de políticas de fijación de precios del carbono en todo el mundo. El sector privado está canalizando la financiación de proyectos que generan reducciones y eliminaciones de emisiones de carbono para mitigar sus emisiones difíciles de reducir.
Y las Naciones Unidas están avanzando en la construcción de un mercado global para la reducción de las emisiones de carbono que facilitará los intentos de las naciones de cumplir con sus obligaciones en virtud del Acuerdo de París.
Los sectores industriales siguen siendo una fuente clave de emisiones y consumo de CO2, con la innovación buscando métodos sostenibles de producción y utilización.
Argus prepara el escenario para un período prolongado de crecimiento, evolución e interconexión de los participantes e iniciativas del mercado del carbono.
Últimas noticias de los mercados del carbono
Explore las últimas noticias sobre los mercados del carbono.
Erex eyes carbon credits from Vietnam biomass co-firing
Erex eyes carbon credits from Vietnam biomass co-firing
Tokyo, 24 April (Argus) — Japanese renewable energy developer Erex aims to obtain 92,000 t/yr of CO2 equivalent (CO2e) of carbon credits in 2028 fiscal year from two biomass co-firing projects in Vietnam, the company told Argus . Erex signed an agreement with state-owned company Vietnam National Coal and Mineral Industries (Vinacomin) on coal and biomass co-firing projects on 16 April. The companies plan to start commercial co-firing power generation at Vinacomin's two thermal coal plants, namely the 110MW Na Duong and the 115MW Cao Ngan in northern Vietnam, in the April 2027-March 2028 fiscal year, according to Erex. Erex expects to obtain around half of the total CO2e created by the two plants, which means approximately 45,000 t/yr from Na Duong and 47,000 t/yr from Cao Ngan, in the April 2028-March 2029 fiscal year. The company aims to sell the carbon credits in Japan and other countries, and is currently negotiating with Vietnamese government on project details. Under the joint crediting mechanism (JCM), Japanese developers like Erex are actively negotiating with the Vietnamese government to register biomass co-firing projects specifically to generate credits shared between Japan and Vietnam. Erex has successfully carried out trial combustions of coal and biomass co-firing operations at the two plants in January, burning up to 20pc of wood chips at Na Duong and up to 30pc of wood pellets at Cao Ngan. The company also plans to conduct co-firing test runs at Vinacomin's 670MW Cam Pha thermal coal plant around 2027-28. Erex eventually aims to conduct co-firing operations at six of Vinacomin's thermal coal plants in Vietnam, with a total capacity of 1,585MW, including Na Duong, Cao Ngan and Cam Pha. The co-firing projects also underscore Vietnam's net-zero strategy. The country currently relies on coal to meet around half of its electricity demand, with power consumption increasing by 10 pc/yr. Vietnam has looked to biomass fuels as self-sufficient renewable energy sources. By Takeshi Maeda Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2026. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.
Shipping needs pragmatic decarbonisation approach: IMO
Shipping needs pragmatic decarbonisation approach: IMO
Singapore, 24 April (Argus) — The maritime sector's push towards net-zero emissions suffered a "small setback" at the International Maritime Organisation (IMO) Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC) meeting last October, but the industry needs a "pragmatic" approach given the current geopolitical climate, IMO secretary general Arsenio Dominguez said at the Singapore Maritime Week (SMW) conference this week. The focus on decarbonisation "is not diminished", said Dominguez, adding that research and investment into decarbonising the sector is still ongoing. Freedom of navigation and the safety of crew remains top of mind for the maritime industry, and the IMO has proposed an evacuation framework for affected vessels in the Mideast Gulf. The sector is keeping close watch on the 84th Marine Environment Protection Committee (MEPC) that will be held in London next week, and key shipping groups have expressed support for the IMO's greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction ambitions ahead of the session. The US-Iran war foregrounds the energy trilemma between energy security, affordability, and sustainability, said SMW panellists, noting the maritime sector needs to balance all three components for a resilient transition to greener fuels, particularly as the shipping sector is "pulled in many directions" given short-term supply shocks and regional regulations. Recent supply shocks have shown countries need to diversify their economy and source for alternative fuel options, said Dominguez. But panellists emphasised that cost barriers have slowed the shift to greener fuels, since affordability requires scale and investment. One of the things that would drive the scale-up and investment in greener fuels is the certainty of regulations, said Stefan Nysjo, head of power supply at Finnish engine manufacturer Wartsila Marine Power. Supportive policies are "important when you're entering a market where there is no market", said ExxonMobil Asia Pacific chairman and managing director Geraldine Chin. A carbon accounting system underpinned by transparency is the way forward, said Chin, stressing that carbon intensity systems must be implemented on a total life cycle basis, and gradually such that it doesn't shock the market. Decarbonisation solutions "must be economic" and the market must depend on new technologies that would support the uptake of alternative fuels like ammonia, hydrogen, and methanol, she said. But several panellists noted that businesses are not waiting for regulations to be fixed before deciding what to do in terms of decarbonisation. We have to look at "what are the options today… and not in 20 years", said Mediterranean Shipping Company (MSC) head of maritime policy and government affairs Marie-Caroline Laurent. MSC had chosen the LNG pathway with the hope of progressing to bio-methane and e-methane in the future, although they are not closed to other fuel options. "The choice was a very practical one," said Laurent. Maersk has committed to low-carbon fuel options, with methanol being one of them, said its management and technology Leonardo Sonzio. The Danish container liner has net-zero greenhouse gas emissions target by 2040, with intermediate targets by 2030. Smaller shipping firms may not have the luxury of choosing several fuel pathways, said shipping firm CMB.Tech's chief executive Alexander Saverys. Decarbonisation can only pick up when the cost of alternative fuels becomes "cheap compared to diesel", said Saverys, adding that CMB.Tech had chosen the ammonia pathway given its usage in other industrial sectors. Economist Martin Stopford said a lot of the "low hanging fruits" have been picked in the past 50 years, driven by demand for energy from crude, and the "move to a new era" of cleaner fuels would require higher costs, deeper knowledge and further efforts in development. By Cassia Teo Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2026. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.
Middle East crisis bolsters case for fossil fuel shift
Middle East crisis bolsters case for fossil fuel shift
Edinburgh, 23 April (Argus) — The war in the Middle East is strengthening the case for a transition away from fossil fuels, but countries must balance the crisis' shorter-term consequences on energy costs with longer-term policies. The situation will spur energy shifts, as others crises have done before, IEA executive director Fatih Birol said this week, pointing to increased fuel efficiency in vehicles, the rise of biofuels in Brazil and an increase in nuclear power in Europe and some countries in Asia-Pacific after the oil crises in the 1970s. "I believe there will be a major response on the energy side, and we are more fortunate now because we have many available technologies which are cost effective," he said. Turkey's environment minister Murat Kurum, the upcoming Cop 31 climate summit president, said this week that the crisis has "clearly shown us that fossil fuels do not guarantee energy supply security" and countries should invest in "alternative energy sources" to support stability, resilient and clean development. He recalled the agreement taken in Dubai in 2023, when almost 200 countries agreed on "transitioning away from fossil fuels in energy systems" and to triple renewable energy capacity and double energy efficiency rates by 2030. Kurum highlighted how important the need for alternative energy sources and economic diversification is now, considering national circumstances. "Doubling down on fossil fuels is not the answer to that crisis," Australia's climate and energy minister Chris Bowen said on 21 April , the same day UK energy minister Ed Miliband said "the era of fossil fuels is over". "In response to recent events, our actions must be faster, deeper and more wide-ranging to protect energy security", Ed Miliband said as he laid out measures to cut electricity costs . He said it will be irresponsible "to carry on with business as usual", because there are compelling clean alternatives to fossil fuels. EU energy commissioner Dan Jorgensen said more actions need to be taken to protect citizens and industries from future shocks, saying the current crisis "must be a wake-up call". But he cautioned about the costs being felt now and the long-term effects the crisis will have on member states' economies as countries find themselves having to balance short-term measures with longer term policies. Jorgensen warned against "burning" public money in fossil fuels subsidies, and suggested looking at targeted measures delivering "double value", such as offering support to change from boilers to heat pumps or electric vehicle (EV) leasing. He also said the crisis should not derail long term signals deployed alongside climate policies. Some countries in Asia-Pacific, including South Korea and Vietnam, have turned to increased coal-fired power generation to reduce LNG consumption, as the disruptions in the Mideast Gulf have cut off around 20pc of global LNG supply. Japan has moved to lift restrictions on coal-fired power plants until March 2027. Globally, power generation from fossil fuels fell in the first month since the maritime traffic halted through the strait of Hormuz, according to Helsinki-based Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air lead analyst Lauri Myllyvirta. But the IEA's Birol warned the longer the conflict goes on, the more severe the effects will be. Long-term strategy resilience is important because short-term reactions are always costly, Indian think-tank senior modelling specialist Niti Aayog Venugopal Mothkoor told Non-profit World Resources Institute (WRI). India is looking at electrification in terms of decarbonisation and as an important strategy to support resilience, because electricity can be produced domestically and most of the renewable resources are located in the country, he said. Long term policies to shift to cleaner energy cut emissions and contribute to bolster energy security and help insulate countries from fossil fuel price swings. "Long term strategies are indispensable in an unstable world," he said. "At the end of the day, we have to take steps to help countries to transition towards clean energies and in terms of phasing out fossil fuels," Turkey's Kurum said this week. By Caroline Varin Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2026. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.
Bundestag stimmt THG-Gesetzesentwurf zu
Bundestag stimmt THG-Gesetzesentwurf zu
Hamburg, 23 April (Argus) — Der Bundestag hat am 23. April das Gesetz zur Weiterentwicklung der Treibhausgasminderungsquote in der vom Umweltausschuss geänderten Fassung verabschiedet. Damit neigt sich ein langwieriges politisches Ringen um die Energiewende im Verkehrssektor dem Ende zu — und fällt ambitionierter aus als viele erwartet haben. Bereits der ursprüngliche Regierungsentwurf hat im November letzten Jahres die Preise für Treibhausgasminderungseinsparungen stark steigen lassen. Auch die Verabschiedung des Gesetzes führt zu einem weiteren Anstieg der Preise für THG-Zertifikate. Dies wirkt sich preistreibend für Diesel und Benzin aus, fördert aber Alternativen wie HVO, Biomethan und Strom im Verkehr. Mit dem nun verabschiedeten Beschluss wird die THG-Quote im Straßenverkehr bis 2040 schrittweise auf 65 % angehoben; im ursprünglichen Regierungsentwurf war ein Zielwert von 59 % vorgesehen. Dieser basiert auf umfangreichen Änderungen des Umweltausschusses , der am 22. April eine Beschlussempfehlung vorgelegt hatte. Neben der höheren Gesamtquote sieht diese unter anderem vor, die Obergrenze für Biokraftstoffe aus Nahrungs- und Futtermittelpflanzen anzuheben: Sie soll schrittweise von derzeit 4,4 % bis 2032 auf 5,8 % steigen. Dies soll nach parlamentarischer Begründung zur Marktstabilisierung beitragen und Planungssicherheit für Landwirtschaft und heimische Produktion schaffen. Für den Gesetzentwurf stimmten die Koalitionsfraktionen CDU/CSU und SPD, während AfD, Bündnis 90/Die Grünen und Die Linke dagegen votierten. Für den Markt für THG-Zertifikate markiert die Verabschiedung das Ende einer Phase erhöhter Unsicherheit. Marktteilnehmer rechneten mit der zweiten und dritten Lesung des Gesetzes bereits im März, diese wurden jedoch mehrfach verschoben. In der Folge hatten Marktteilnehmer damit begonnen, alternative regulatorische Szenarien einzupreisen, insbesondere mit Blick auf die Frage, ob zentrale Regelungen wie die Abschaffung der Doppelanrechnung fortschrittlicher Biokraftstoffe wie vorgesehen rückwirkend greifen würden. Die Unterquote für erneuerbare Kraftstoffe nicht biogenen Ursprungs (RFNBO), wie zum Beispiel E-Fuels und Wasserstoff, wird ebenfalls ambitionierter ausgestaltet und soll bis 2040 auf 10 % steigen, um zusätzliche Investitionsanreize zu setzen. Abgelehnt wurden Entschließungsanträge der Oppositionsfraktionen von Grünen und Linken. Zugleich nahm der Bundestag eine Entschließung der Koalitionsfraktionen an, in der die Bundesregierung unter anderem zu weiteren Maßnahmen zur Betrugsprävention, zur Unterstützung von Anti-Dumping-Verfahren auf EU-Ebene sowie zur Flexibilisierung der Schutzsortenregelung für E5 aufgefordert wird. Darüber hinaus enthält dieser eine Aufforderung, einen nationalen Aktionsplan für Biomethan vorzulegen. Mit dem Bundestagsbeschluss kann das Gesetz nun dem Bundesrat zugeleitet werden. Eine Befassung in der Sitzung am 8. Mai halten Marktteilnehmer für wahrscheinlich. Für den THG-Markt bedeutet der heutige Beschluss vor allem, dass die regulatorische Richtung nun feststeht und zentrale Unsicherheiten, insbesondere zur Rückwirkung der Neuregelungen, weitgehend ausgeräumt sind. Von Marcel Rothenstein Senden Sie Kommentare und fordern Sie weitere Informationen an feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2026. Argus Media group . Alle Rechte vorbehalten.
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