New Guaido lawyer takes over Citgo defense

Spanish Market: Crude oil, Oil products
23/06/20

A battle among creditors, arbitration claimants and bondholders for Venezuelan state-owned PdV's US refining arm Citgo is entering a critical stage, just as a new opposition attorney takes over the withering defense.

Veteran constitutional law scholar Enrique Jose Sanchez Falcon was appointed special attorney general in the skeleton exile team of Venezuelan opposition leader Juan Guaido.

Sanchez's outspoken predecessor, Jose Ignacio Hernandez, announced his resignation last week after the leak of controversial remarks to the opposition-controlled National Assembly energy commission in which he cited an "understanding" with US independent ConocoPhillips to pursue control of the refiner in an ongoing Delaware district court case. Hernandez forcefully described how the opposition's legal defense of Citgo was crumbling, contradicting the opposition's public assertions.

ConocoPhillips, one of PdV's pioneering heavy crude upgrading partners in the 1990s and early 2000s, is among the many foreign companies seeking to collect arbitration awards for asset expropriations under the late president Hugo Chavez. In a statement last week, the company said it remains committed to "pursuing all available legal avenues to obtain a full and fair recovery of the award. Any allegations to the contrary are wrong and baseless."

On 17 June, the Delaware court plaintiff, former Canadian mining firm Crystallex, now owned by Tenor Capital Management, recommended to the court a scaled auction of Citgo ownership stakes, with an offer increasing by 5pc until bidders fulfill the company's $1.4bn arbitration judgment. ConocoPhillips proposed the court instead place Citgo in receivership, similar to a bankruptcy process, to find a higher value for the assets.

Guaido's team argues that Citgo cannot be sold without a US Treasury license, so any discussion of a divestment is premature. Crystallex asserts that an auction should proceed now, giving the winner a period of time to secure the license to execute the award.

Among the key dates to watch in the Delaware court case are further filings on 7 and 13 July and oral arguments on 17 July.

Watching the proceedings from the wings are holders of a defaulted PdV 2020 bond that is backed by a 50.1pc stake in Citgo's parent. The other 49.9pc is pledged on an oil-backed loan to PdV from Russia's Rosneft.

On the horizon is the 22 July expiry of a US Treasury license that blocks the bondholders from executing a Citgo takeover.

Blessing and vetting

President Donald Trump's administration gave its blessing to opposition control of Citgo last year, shortly after endorsing Guaido's interim presidency and imposing oil sanctions on Venezuela.

In his new Trump-era memoir, former US national security adviser John Bolton, an architect of the US "maximum pressure" campaign against Caracas, described how the US government helped to vet Guaido's Citgo board nominations and advised the company's executives on how to fend off Moscow's potential lien on the asset.

Citgo is the fifth largest US refiner. The company operates three complex refineries — the 157,000 b/d Corpus Christi refinery in Texas, 167,000 b/d Lemont refinery in Illinois, and 425,000 b/d Lake Charles refinery in Louisiana.

By Patricia Garip

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22/11/24

Cop: Brazil eyes $300bn/yr for climate finance goal

Baku, 22 November (Argus) — Brazil has set out a suggestion of "at least" $300bn/yr in climate finance to be provided by developed countries to developing nations. Brazilian representatives set out their proposal today, in response to a draft text on a new climate finance goal. Brazil's proposal of $300bn/yr in climate finance by 2030 and $390bn/yr by 2035 are in line with the recommendations of a UN-mandated expert group. Negotiations at Cop are continuing late into the evening of the official last day of the conference, with no final texts in sight. Discussions centre around the new collective quantified goal (NCQG) — the climate financing that will be made available to developing countries in the coming years to help them reduce emissions and adapt to the effects of climate change. The presidency draft text released this morning put the figure at $250bn/yr by 2035, with a call for "all actors" to work towards a stretch goal of $1.3tn/yr. Representatives of developing countries have reacted angrily to the figure put forward in the text, saying it is far too low. Brazil's proposal appears to call for all of the $300bn-$390bn to be made up of direct public financing, which could then mobilise further funding to reach the $1.3tn/yr. It was inspired by the findings of a UN report, Brazil said. The UN-backed independent high-level group on climate finance today said that the $250bn/yr figure was "too low," and recommended the higher $300bn-390bn/yr goal. Brazil's ask would be a significant step up in the required public financing. The $250bn/yr target includes direct public financing and mobilised private financing, and potentially includes contributions from both developed and developing countries. Wealthier developing countries have been hesitant to see their climate financing fall in this category, which they say should be made up exclusively of developed country money, in line with the Paris Agreement. But $300bn/yr would represent an increase in ambition, Brazil said, while the $250bn/yr called for in the draft text would be very similar to the $100bn/yr goal set in 2009, after taking into account inflation. Delegates at Cop look set to continue discussions into the night. A plenary session planned for late in the evening, which would have allowed parties to express their positions in public, has been cancelled, suggesting groups still have differences to hammer out. By Rhys Talbot Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

Cop: Drafts point to trade-off on finance, fossil fuels

22/11/24

Cop: Drafts point to trade-off on finance, fossil fuels

Baku, 22 November (Argus) — The new draft on the climate finance goal from the UN Cop 29 climate summit presidency has developed nations contributing $250bn/yr by 2035, while language on fossil fuels has been dropped, indicating work towards a compromise on these two central issues. There is no mention of fossil fuels in either the new draft text on the global stocktake — which follows up the outcome of Cop 28 last year, including "transitioning away" from fossil fuels — or in the new draft for the climate finance goal. Developed countries wanted a reference to moving away from fossil fuels included, indicating that not having one would be a red line. The new draft text on the climate finance goal would mark a substantial compromise for developing countries, with non-profit WRI noting that this is "the bridging text". Parties are negotiating the next iteration of the $100bn/yr that developed countries agreed to deliver to developing nations over 2020-25 — known as the new collective quantified goal (NCQG). The new draft sets out a figure of $250bn/yr by 2035, "from a wide variety of sources, public and private, bilateral and multilateral, including alternative sources". It also notes that developed countries will "take the lead". It sets out that the finance could come from multilateral development banks (MDBs) too. "It has been a significant lift over the past decade to meet the prior, smaller goal... $250bn will require even more ambition and extraordinary reach," a US official said. "This goal will need to be supported by ambitious bilateral action, MDB contributions and efforts to better mobilise private finance, among other critical factors," the official added. India had indicated earlier this week that the country was seeking around $600bn/yr for a public finance layer from developed countries. Developing countries had been asking for $1.3 trillion/yr in climate finance from developed countries, a sum which the new text instead calls for "all actors" to work toward. The draft text acknowledges the need to "enable the scaling up of financing… from all public and private sources" to that figure. On the contributor base — which developed countries have long pushed to expand — the text indicates that climate finance contributions from developing countries could supplement the finance goal. It is unclear how this language will land with developing nations. China yesterday reiterated that "the voluntary support" of the global south is not part of the goal. The global stocktake draft largely focuses on the initiatives set out by the Cop 29 presidency, on enhancing power grids and energy storage, though it does stress the "urgent need for accelerated implementation of domestic mitigation measures". It dropped a previous option, opposed by Saudi Arabia, that mentioned actions aimed at "transitioning away from fossil fuels". Mitigation, or cutting emissions, and climate finance have been the overriding issues at Cop 29. Developing countries have long said they cannot decarbonise or implement an energy transition without adequate finance. Developed countries are calling for substantially stronger global action on emissions reduction. By Georgia Gratton and Prethika Nair Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

Singapore light distillate stocks hit seven-week high

22/11/24

Singapore light distillate stocks hit seven-week high

Singapore, 22 November (Argus) — Singapore light distillate and middle distillate inventories rose to multi-week highs while residual fuel stocks fell to a three-week low for the week ending 20 November, according to Enterprise Singapore. Singapore's light distillates stocks rose to a seven-week high, boosted by increased naphtha imports and an onslaught of gasoline cargoes from Saudi Arabia into the city-state. Naphtha imports rose by 21pc on the week to 1.98mn bl. Kuwait, India, and the UAE were the top three suppliers to Singapore this week. Kuwait likely exported more naphtha to Asia this month, as an issue at its reformer resulted in more spare naphtha on hand for exports. More Saudi Arabian gasoline cargoes entered Singapore, adding to stocks. Singapore received another 800,000 bl of gasoline from the Mideast Gulf nation after already receiving similar volumes last week. Middle distillates stocks rose further to a six-week high, as jet fuel exports fell while imports rose. Swing supplies of jet fuel continued to arrive from India, with a 494,000 bl India jet fuel cargo imported into Singapore in the past week. Singapore's onshore fuel oil inventories retreated to a three-week low after climbing for two consecutive weeks, as imports fell sharply this week. But total inventories for November remained marginally higher at 17.78 mn bl,compared to 17.55 mn bl last month. Brazil, Indonesia, and Iraq were the top origin countries for fuel oil arrivals, while the majority of exports were bound for the Philippines and Hong Kong. No exports were recorded to China this week. By Aldric Chew, Asill Bardh, Cara Wong and Lu Yawen Singapore onshore stocks (week to 20 November '24) Volume ± w-o-w ± w-o-w (%) Light distillates Stocks 15.16 1.04 7.37 Naphtha imports 1.98 0.35 21.36 Naphtha exports 0.61 0.60 8,689.57 Gasoline imports 3.04 -0.53 -14.91 Gasoline exports 4.74 -0.35 -6.91 Middle distillates Stocks 10.27 0.63 6.56 Gasoil imports 0.61 -1.12 -64.79 Gasoil exports 3.48 1.36 63.82 Jet fuel imports 0.5 0.1 39.34 Jet fuel exports 0.20 -0.28 -58.34 Residual fuels Stocks 16.98 -1.37 -7.45 Fuel oil imports 2.19 -4.36 -66.61 Fuel oil exports 1.23 -2.04 -62.53 Source: Enterprise Singapore Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

Pemex's lean Zama spending undercuts goals

21/11/24

Pemex's lean Zama spending undercuts goals

Mexico City, 21 November (Argus) — State-owned oil company Pemex's limited budget for developing one of Mexico's most-promising new oil fields is putting Mexico's crude production and refining goals at risk through 2030. First production from the Zama field will likely not start until at least 2028 instead of late next year, as forecast earlier, based on a timeline in a recent presentation from Pemex. Pemex continues to work on the basic engineering for the Zama field because of the lack of cash, staff of hydrocarbon regulator CNH said last week. The latest delay on Zama echoes criticism from when Pemex took over operating the field in 2022 that it did not have sufficient experience or funds to carry on with the project, said industry sources. "Unfortunately, the Pemex budget is always a shadowy mystery," said a person close to the project who asked not to be named. "There is no transparency or certainty regarding when they do and do not honor payment commitments." Zama is a shallow-water field unified in 2022 between Pemex area AE-152-Uchukil and the discovery made in 2017 by a consortium led by US oil company Talos Energy. Pemex holds 50.4pc of the Zama project while Talos and Slim's subsidiary Grupo Carso have 17.4pc, German company Wintershall Dea 17.4pc and British company Harbour Energy 12.4pc. The state-owned company expects to spend $370.8mn to develop Zama in 2025, 64pc less than the original $1.05bn budget proposed by Pemex for next year, according to data from CNH. The regulator cleared the change last week, but commissioners questioned the CNH staff about the new delays. Pemex's original development plan showed that the company forecast the first crude production by December 2025, with 2,000 b/d and about 4mn cf/d of gas. The original plan forecast Zama hitting peak production of 180,000 b/d in 2029, making it Mexico's second-largest crude producer, only under the Maloob field. President Claudia Sheinbaum and Pemex's new new chief executive Victor Rodriguez flagged the importance of shallow-water field Zama and ultra deep field Trion to support Pemex's oil production target of 1.8mn b/d in the upcoming six years in a presentation last week. Pemex's new plan is focused on feeding its own refining system rather than crude exports. The company expects to increase gasoline, diesel and jet fuel production by 343,000 b/d, according to the plan, but it did not give a timeline. Pemex produced 491,000 b/d of gasoline, diesel and jet fuel in the first nine months of 2024. Mexico's proposed 2025 federal budget also shows lower spending for Zama, at Ps3.1bn ($154mn) for 2025, even less than the figure approved by CNH on 14 November. Neither Pemex not Talos responded to requests for additional comment. "Zama is the story of the triumph of ideology over practicality," said a Pemex source who asked not to be named. The state-owned company is studying how to bring in new investors to the project once congress approves secondary laws to implement recent energy reforms, the source said. But uncertainty over the legal framework and the general deterioration of Mexico's business climate will make this more difficult, the Pemex source added. The involvement of Mexican billionaire Carlos Slim, who acquired 49.9pc of Talos Energy share in Zama last year, brought new hopes that work at Zama could finally accelerate. Instead, Slim's entrance slowed the project, as the new partner had to review the project, a former regulator who asked not to be named said. Talos Energy, the lead operator when the field was discovered over seven years ago, is now "frustrated" by the poor progress of the project. "We have Mexico, a great discovery in Zama, we're seven years into it, and still have not made a final investment decision on it," said Talos Energy interim chief executive Joseph Mills, in a conference call with investors last week. "So a lot of frustration there, as you can imagine." By Édgar Sígler Pemex 2024 crude output, throughput '000 b/d Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

Cost of government support for fossil fuels still high

21/11/24

Cost of government support for fossil fuels still high

London, 21 November (Argus) — The cost of government measures to support the consumption and production of fossil fuels dropped by almost a third last year as energy prices declined from record highs in 2022, according to a new report published today by the OECD. But the level of fiscal support remained higher than the historical average despite government pledges to reduce carbon emissions. In an analysis of 82 economies, data from the OECD and the IEA found that government support for fossil fuels fell to an estimated $1.1 trillion in 2023 from $1.6 trillion a year earlier. Although energy prices were lower last year than in 2022, countries maintained various fiscal measures to both stimulate fossil fuel production and reduce the burden of high energy costs for consumers, the OECD said. The measures are in the form of direct payments by governments to individual recipients, tax concessions and price support. The latter includes "direct price regulation, pricing formulas, border controls or taxes, and domestic purchase or supply mandates", the OECD said. These government interventions come at a large financial cost and increase carbon emissions, undermining the net-zero transition, the report said. Of the estimated $1.1 trillion of support, direct transfers and tax concessions accounted for $514.1bn, up from $503.7bn in 2022. Transfers amounted to $269.8bn, making them more costly than tax concessions of $244.3bn. Some 90pc of the transfers were to support consumption by households and companies, the rest was to support producers. The residential sector benefited from a 22pc increase from a year earlier, and support to manufacturers and industry increased by 14pc. But the majority of fuel consumption measures are untargeted, and support largely does not land where it is needed, the OECD said. The "under-pricing" of fossil fuels amounted to $616.4bn last year, around half of the 2022 level, the report said. "Benchmark prices (based on energy supply costs) eased, particularly for natural gas, thereby decreasing the difference between the subsidised end-user prices and the benchmark prices," it said. In terms of individual fossil fuels, the fiscal cost of support for coal fell the most, to $27.7bn in 2023 from $43.5bn a year earlier. The cost of support for natural gas has grown steadily in recent years, amounting to $343bn last year compared with $144bn in 2018. The upward trend is explained by its characterisation as a transition fuel and the disruption of Russian pipeline supplies to Europe, the report said. By Alejandro Moreano and Tim van Gardingen Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

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