Lula assina pacote para incentivar energia verde

Spanish Market: Agriculture, Biofuels, Crude oil, E-fuels, Emissions, Oil products
14/09/23

O presidente Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva assinou, nesta quinta-feira (14), a mensagem de envio dos termos do projeto de lei (PL) Combustível do Futuro, em uma tentativa de acelerar a transição energética e substituir gradualmente os combustíveis fósseis.

O projeto, que foi lançado em cerimônia no Palácio do Planalto, em Brasília, ainda depende de aprovação do Congresso Nacional para se tornar lei.

Se aprovado, o Brasil adotará formalmente normativas estabelecendo metas para o uso sustentável de combustível de aviação (SAF, na sigla em inglês) e diesel verde para apoiar seu compromisso de carbono zero até 2050.

O tão discutido aumento da mistura de anidro na gasolina de 27,5pc para 30pc também foi incluído na proposta.

"O Brasil poderia se tornar tão ou mais importante para os combustíveis renováveis quanto o Oriente Médio é para o petróleo", disse Lula, repetindo declarações semelhantes que fez durante oboom de biocombustíveis do país na década de 2000. Abrir caminho para um futuro energético mais limpo é uma grande parte da sua agenda internacional, disse ele.

Lula também aludiu a reuniões oficiais com empresas do setor nos Estados Unidos, na próxima semana, e na Alemanha, ainda neste ano, para discutir assuntos relacionados aos combustíveis renováveis.

O ministro de Minas e Energia, Alexandre Silveira, disse que a iniciativa é resultado direto dos esforços do governo para a transição energética global. "O Brasil será provedor de soluções de baixo carbono para outras nações", disse ele.

Palestrantes na Cúpula do Clima no Brasil, em Nova York, esta semana, pediram um plano de eliminação progressiva dos combustíveis fósseis para que o país pudesse se posicionar como um pioneiro na implementação de políticas climáticas.

O que pode mudar?

Algumas das mudanças propostas são:

Captura e armazenamento de carbono (CCS, na sigla em inglês): propõe um marco regulatório para o exercício das atividades de captura e estocagem geológica de dióxido de carbono, cuja regulação será atribuída à Agência Nacional do Petróleo, Gás Natural e Biocombustíveis (ANP).
Diesel verde: cria o Programa Nacional do Diesel Verde (PNDV) para incorporação gradativa do diesel verde à matriz de combustíveis do país, com um mandato ainda a ser definido pelo Conselho Nacional de Política Energética (CNPE).
E-fuels: estabelece meios legais que incentivem a produção dos chamados e-fuels, alternativas sintéticas aos combustíveis fósseis feitos a partir de hidrogênio e CO2.
Mistura de anidro na gasolina: aumenta a mistura máxima de etanol anidro na gasolina de 27,5pc para 30pc.
SAF: estabelece metas de emissões para as companhias aéreas, incentivando o aumento do uso de SAF, visando alcançar uma redução de 1pc nas emissões para as companhias aéreas até 2027 e 10pc até 2037.

Possíveis repercussões para o etanol

O pacote deve oferecer algum alívio à indústria do etanol, que tem encontrado dificuldades para defender suas margens em meio a uma maior oferta de produto e um mercado consumidor em contração.

Um eventual aumento da mistura de anidro na gasolina, de 27,5pc para 30pc, poderia ajudar a elevar a demanda por etanol no mercado interno, avalia a BP Bunge, citando um aumento potencial de 80.000 m³/mês na comercialização.

A mudança também poderia aumentar a octanagem da gasolina e potencialmente alterar as operações das refinarias brasileiras de combustíveis fósseis.

Nos termos do projeto, a via de conversão da tecnologia alcohol-to-jet (AtJ, na sigla em inglês) surge como o caminho mais viável para aumentar o uso de SAF no país.

Mandato de biodiesel

O setor de biodiesel ficou fora do PL.

A Frente Parlamentar Mista do Biodiesel (FPBio), liderada pelo deputado federal Alceu Moreira (MDB-RS), tem uma proposta para aumentar o mandato de mistura do biodiesel dos atuais 12pc para 13-14pc, disseram fontes à

Argus

Durante a cerimônia, Lula sugeriu que o Conselho Nacional de Política Energética (CNPE) se reúna para discutir o aumento do mandato, mas a data ainda não foi definida.

"Se depender de mim, reabriremos todas as usinas de biodiesel fechadas [nos últimos anos]", afirmou o presidente.

Erasmo Battistella, presidente da Be8, também defendeu o aumento da mescla em discurso no evento, argumentando que o Brasil deveria trabalhar para elevar o mandato a 15pc em 2024.

"A Embrapa [Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária] tem 19 variedades de oleaginosas mapeadas que podem ser usadas na produção de biodiesel", disse Battistella, sobre a disponibilidade de insumos.

Além disso, Heloisa Borges Esteves, diretora de petróleo, gás e biocombustíveis na Empresa de Pesquisa Energética (EPE), afirmou que as novas regulamentações para o setor de hidrogênio estão "caminhando em ritmo acelerado".

Por Vinicius Damazio, Laura Guedes e Alexandre Melo

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21/11/24

Cop: Developing countries reject new finance draft

Baku, 21 November (Argus) — Developing countries have expressed discontent with the climate finance draft text released today and continue to stick to their initial positions in negotiations at the UN Cop 29 climate summit, in Baku, Azerbaijan. The Cop 29 presidency earlier today released a new draft text on the key issue of climate finance for developing countries , but entrenched positions remain with no progress on an amount. Countries must agree on a new collective quantified goal (NCQG) — a new climate finance target — building on the $100bn/yr that developed countries agreed to deliver to developing countries over 2020-25. Parties such as the group of 77 (G77) and China, Pakistan and Kenya — on behalf of the African Group of Negotiators — today responded with disappointment at the lack of an amount for finance. They are calling for a figure close to 1.3 trillion/yr in provided and mobilised finance, an amount that has long been pushed forward by developing countries. Developed countries have not indicated a number . "We cannot talk about a lower or higher number because there is no number," said Colombia's environment minister Susana Muhamad. The country seeks to end the country's dependence on fossil fuels , while promoting a transition to clean and renewable energy, but has long said that it is lacking the financial means to do so. The finance goal "is not an investment goal, but there remains text on investment flows," complained the G77 and China group. China's representative emphasised that the text should not "cherry-pick single paragraphs" from the Cop 28 deal, as developed countries seek to add language on fossil fuels agreed in Dubai last year. The finance text should duplicate accurately and fully the wording of the Paris Agreement, they said. China also reiterated that the finance goal is for developed countries to honour their obligations. The country pointed out that although it has provided 177bn yuan ($24.5mn) since 2016 in support of developing countries, "the voluntary support" of the global south is not part of the goal. It is different in nature from the obligation of developed countries to provide financial resources, the Chinese negotiator said. UN secretary general Antonio Guterres today urged parties to "soften hard lines" and focus on the bigger picture. "Finance is not a hand-out… it's a downpayment on a safer, more prosperous future for every nation on earth." "The time to repeat initial positions has come to an end, and parties should find areas of possible compromise," he said. The summit is scheduled to end on 22 November, but many participants said it is likely to overrun. By Prethika Nair and Georgia Gratton Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

Cop: EU, four countries commit to 1.5°C climate plans

21/11/24

Cop: EU, four countries commit to 1.5°C climate plans

Baku, 21 November (Argus) — The EU, Canada, Mexico, Norway and Switzerland have committed to submit new national climate plans setting out "steep emission cuts", that are consistent with the global 1.5°C temperature increase limit sought by the Paris Agreement. The EU and four countries made the pledge at the UN Cop 29 climate summit in Baku, Azerbaijan today, and called on other nations to follow suit — particularly major economies. Countries are due to submit new climate plans — known as nationally determined contributions (NDCs) — covering 2035 goals to the UN climate body the UNFCCC by early next year. The EU, Canada, Mexico, Norway and Switzerland have not yet submitted their plans, but they will be aligned with a 1.5°C pathway, EU climate commissioner Wopke Hoekstra said today. The Paris climate agreement seeks to limit the global rise in temperature to "well below" 2°C and preferably to 1.5°C. Canada's NDC is being considered by the country's cabinet and will be submitted by the 10 February deadline, Canadian ambassador for climate change Catherine Stewart said today. Switzerland's new NDC will also be submitted by the deadline, the country's representative confirmed. Pamana's special representative for climate change Juan Carlos Monterrey Gomez also joined the press conference today. Panama, which is designated as carbon negative, submitted an updated NDC in June. It is planning to submit a nature pledge, Monterrey Gomez said. "It is time to streamline processes to get to real action", he added. The UK also backed the pledge. The UK announced an ambitious emissions reduction target last week. The UAE — which hosted Cop 28 last year — released a new NDC just ahead of Cop 29, while Brazil, host of next year's Cop 30, released its new NDC on 13 November during the summit. Thailand yesterday at Cop 29 communicated a new emissions reduction target . Indonesia last week said that it intends to submit its updated NDC ahead of the February deadline, with a plan placing a ceiling on emissions and covering all greenhouse gases as well as including the oil and gas sector. Colombia also indicated that its new climate plan will seek to address fossil fuels, but it will submit its NDC by June next year . By Georgia Gratton Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

Cop: EU says finance draft text not acceptable

21/11/24

Cop: EU says finance draft text not acceptable

Baku, 21 November (Argus) — The latest draft of the text on climate financing presented at the UN Cop 29 climate summit is not ambitious enough on mitigation — reducing emissions — and "clearly unacceptable," EU energy commissioner Wopke Hoekstra said today. Parties must agree at Cop 29, in Baku, Azerbaijan, on a new collective quantified goal (NCQG) — a new climate finance target — building on the $100bn/yr that developed countries agreed to deliver to developing countries over 2020-25. The text is the main outcome for the summit. "What we had on our agenda was not just to restate the [Cop 28] consensus but actually to enhance that and to operationalise that," but the text goes in the opposite direction, Hoekstra said. Parties to last year's Cop 28 summit in Dubai made an historic pledge to "transition away" from all fossil fuels. The EU has warned against any backsliding on this pledge . "We cannot accept the view that the previous Cop did not happen," Hoekstra said. A draft text on the mitigation work programme — a process that focuses on emissions reduction — was released by the Cop 29 presidency in the early hours of this morning. It does not mention phasing out or reducing fossil fuels in energy systems, or reference the agreement reached on the latter point at Cop 28 last year. Hoekstra indicated today's text does not provide enough clarity to allow the EU to put a concrete number on the amount of climate finance that should be available. The bloc has insisted the final number for climate financing can come only when other elements, including the structure and contributor base, are settled. But recipient country groups such as the G77 and Like-Minded Developing Countries (LMDC) groups have expressed impatience at the lack of a concrete number. Minor bright spots in the numerous draft texts released overnight include those on Article 6, which governs international carbon credits, Hoekstra said. But the commissioner is "sure there is not a single ambitious country who thinks this is nearly good enough." By Rhys Talbot Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

Cop: Talks on Article 6 near final agreement

21/11/24

Cop: Talks on Article 6 near final agreement

Washington, 21 November (Argus) — Negotiators at the UN Cop 29 climate summit in Baku, Azerbaijan, appear close to a final agreement on the details of an international carbon market under the Paris Agreement. The ministers leading the final discussions on 21 November released updated texts for Article 6.2 and Article 6.4 of the accord that attempt to bridge the gap on remaining issues. It is not yet clear if these are the final texts, but any work left may only involve some "small tweaks", International Emissions Trading Association (Ieta) international policy director Andrea Bonzanni said. Those two sections of the Paris Agreement govern how countries can use carbon credits to meet their greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions-reduction pledges, known as nationally determined contributions (NDCs). Article 6 aims to help set rules on global carbon trade. EU energy commissioner Wopke Hoekstra called Article 6 one area of the talks "where at least the text is a bit encouraging." "We've always been pleading for more progress on Article 6," he said. "We've stressed the tremendous importance of transparency, predictability, credibility of these items." On the key issue of the Article 6 credit registry, the text reflects the idea of a "dual layer" approach that Singapore environment minister Grace Fu suggested on 20 November . The text calls for the creation of a registry to issue and trade credits that would be run by the UN and would be separate from the Article 6 registry, which would only serve an accounting function. "It looks like they managed to make both sides happy," Bonzanni said. The text also says that the inclusion of any emissions credits — known as internationally transferable mitigation outcome (Itmo) units — in the UN registry does not represent any sort of validation of their environmental integrity, in response to concerns raised by the US and others. "There was a concern that if the Itmos are in a UN registry, they may be seen as automatically having legitimacy or UN endorsement," Bonzanni said. The US should be happy with that language, he added. But the EU got only some of what it has sought over the past year. Most notably, the latest text does not include a definition of a "cooperative approach," essentially what it means for countries to buy and sell emissions units under Article 6. An earlier draft of the text included a definition, but there were concerns that it "could have restrained the markets significantly" and created confusion around certain requirements for when countries authorise Itmos, Bonzanni said. "I believe the presidency did a good job by making tough calls." Ieta is not happy with everything in the text, but at the same time "there is nothing harmful" to trading in it, Bonzanni said. By Michael Ball Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

Cop: New climate finance draft does not bridge divide

21/11/24

Cop: New climate finance draft does not bridge divide

Baku, 21 November (Argus) — The UN Cop 29 presidency has released a new draft text on the key issue of climate finance, but entrenched positions remain with no agreement on an amount, and no explicit reference to reducing fossil fuels in energy systems. The outcome of the finance discussions are inextricably linked to progress on mitigation, or cutting emissions. Developing countries have long said they cannot decarbonise or implement an energy transition without adequate finance. Developed countries are calling for substantially stronger global action on emissions reduction. Countries are working at Cop 29 to decide the next stage of a climate finance goal. Developed countries agreed to deliver $100bn/yr in climate finance to developing nations over 2020-25. The draft, released in the early hours today, streamlines previous iterations. But countries' views on details such as the amount beyond 2025 are set out in separate 'options', illustrating a lack of common ground. The text does not overtly reference phasing out or reducing fossil fuels, although it does call on the fossil fuel industry to align itself with the Paris Agreement and for phasing out inefficient fossil fuel subsidies. It is unclear if there was wide agreement on these points. Countries agreed at Cop 28 last year to "transition away" from fossil fuels. The first option, which roughly covers developing country views, sets out a climate finance goal of upwards of $1 trillion over 2025-35, broken down into provision and mobilisation. The provision element — which developed countries would be called on to provide — is in the billions of dollars, from a $100bn/yr floor, and should be grant or grant-equivalent, according to the draft. Mobilised finance, which could be private finance or even from carbon markets, would make up the rest — although no specific figures are in this part of the draft text. The second option, broadly covering developed countries' position, focuses on the Paris climate agreement that seeks to limit the global rise in temperature to 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels. This option sets a floor of $100bn/yr by 2035 for "collectively mobilising" finance "from a wide range of sources". It outlines a goal of $1 trillion or more for "global finance in climate action… from all sources of finance". The contributor base has long been a point of contention. UN climate body the UNFCCC delineated developed and developing countries in 1992, and the former group has consistently argued that economic circumstances have since changed, requesting a wider contributor base for climate finance. But positions on this appear not to have changed. The first option "invites developing country parties willing to contribute" to do so voluntarily, but says this will not be counted in the official finance goal. The second option notes that developed countries take the lead, but contributions from "countries with the economic capacity to contribute" will be counted. "This is not a text that aims to bridge", non-profit WRI director of international climate action David Waskow said today. He sees "a lot of work to be done". Cop 29 is scheduled to finish on 22 November, but many participants said it is likely to overrun. By Georgia Gratton Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

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