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Shell avança no projeto de etanol para hidrogênio

  • Spanish Market: Biofuels, Hydrogen
  • 09/11/23

Os planos da Shell para produzir hidrogênio à base de etanol em uma planta-piloto estão evoluindo, à medida que a empresa mira no potencial do biocombustível para a transição energética.

"Faremos uma escala de 5kg/hora para ver se o reformador funciona como esperamos", contou à Argus Olivier Wambersie, gerente de Tecnologia e Inovação da Shell Brasil, durante um evento sobre descarbonização, nesta semana. "Podemos [aumentar a capacidade para] 50kg/hora depois disso."

Em agosto, a empresa informou que a capacidade de produção seria 4,5kg/hora.

A companhia está construindo uma unidade piloto no campus da Universidade de São Paulo (USP) para converter etanol em hidrogênio verde, com previsão de início das operações para o fim de 2024. A empresa sucroalcooleira Raízen — joint venture entre o conglomerado de logística e energia Cosan e a Shell — fornecerá o biocombustível para o projeto de R$50 milhões.

A Shell planeja usar a planta para testar o reformador e, por enquanto, não foca em seu retorno comercial, afirmou Wambersie. "É uma nova tecnologia. Irá demorar, mas depois do aprendizado, talvez possamos construir uma planta dez vezes maior", ele adicionou.

O uso do etanol pode evitar que a empresa precise transportar e estocar hidrogênio, o que é um processo complexo, devido ao tamanho da molécula, ele disse. "É possível converter etanol em hidrogênio aqui no Brasil ou em qualquer país que precise do [gás] renovável."

O hidrogênio verde é visto como um possível combustível limpo para setores de difícil descarbonização, como frete de longo curso, marítimo e de aviação.

"O uso do gás renovável para caminhões de longa distância faz mais sentido, pois seu competidor – o caminho elétrico – não é uma boa opção para grandes distâncias", afirmou Wambersie. Operações em minas talvez também sejam um bom destino, ele acrescentou, dado que elas, normalmente, ficam em regiões remotas, com problemas de abastecimento de energia.

Etanol de carbono negativo

A Shell Brasil também está considerando outros caminhos para a descarbonização com o etanol, como um projeto de captura e armazenamento de carbono pela rota da bioenergia (BECCS, na sigla em inglês) para tornar a produção de etanol da Raízen carbono negativa.

"Temos um lugar onde, provavelmente, vamos fazer um teste, mas ainda estamos entendendo a etapa do subsolo", Wambersie disse à Argus. A Shell não estabeleceu uma localização para o poço definitivo, mas este será no estado de São Paulo, perto das usinas da Raízen.

A Raízen deve se juntar à produtora de etanol de milho FS e à empresa sucroalcooleira Uisa, que já possuem planos de BECCS para injetar CO2 da produção de biocombustível em suas usinas no Mato Grosso.


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22/11/24

Blenders credit extension stalled in US Senate

Blenders credit extension stalled in US Senate

New York, 22 November (Argus) — A push for US lawmakers to extend various biofuel incentives before the end of the year has met resistance in the Senate. A growing coalition of biofuel and soybean groups has endorsed extending for one year a $1/USG federal tax credit for blenders of biomass-based diesel, which would otherwise expire after December and be replaced by the Inflation Reduction Act's carbon-intensity-based "45Z" credit. But lawmakers have various other priorities in the final weeks of this legislative session, and a staffer with the Democratic-controlled US Senate Finance Committee confirmed that prospects for a deal to extend biofuel tax credits are slim. "Republicans have showed very little interest in working with Democrats on much of anything related to tax," said Ryan Carey, chief communications advisor and deputy policy director at the Committee on Finance. "Their focus is primarily on the next Congress, when they're going to attempt to pass an extension of the first Trump tax law on a partisan basis." Another Senate office acknowledged on background that it is "unlikely" Congress will come to any major tax deal before the end of the year. Congress has other priorities for its brief lame duck session before president-elect Donald Trump begins his second term, including government funding, the federal debt limit, and a new farm bill. Tax policy could still fit into an end-of-year package, with some less controversial tax provisions and a bipartisan business tax proposal backed by Senate Finance Committee chair Ron Wyden (D-Oregon) still under discussion. But prolonging the biodiesel blenders credit — plus other biofuel credits benefiting sustainable aviation fuel and cellulosic fuels that some groups have also pushed to extend — appears to be a tougher lift. With Trump in the White House and Republicans set to control both chambers of Congress, Republicans are now preparing major tax policy legislation next year to prolong tax cuts passed during Trump's first term that are set to expire at the end of 2025. Lawmakers are likely to look at repealing some Inflation Reduction Act clean energy subsidies to help offset the cost of that proposal. Republicans on the House tax-writing committee this week requested public input on the 45Z credit specifically, a signal that they are at least open to modifications — and are already looking to tax policy next year. Biofuel subsidies are seen by analysts and lobbyists as less likely targets for repeal than other Inflation Reduction Act credits, given support for the industry among farm state lawmakers. But the request-for-information this week suggested that Republicans are wary of elements of the current 45Z credit and could support changes that benefit agribusiness. Even biofuel groups generally supportive of the 45Z credit's structure have been frustrated by President Joe Biden's administration, which has yet to issue guidance clarifying how it will calculate the carbon intensities of different fuels and feedstocks. By Cole Martin Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

Shell will supply Brussels airport with SAF via DHL


21/11/24
21/11/24

Shell will supply Brussels airport with SAF via DHL

London, 21 November (Argus) — Shell and German logistics group DHL Express have signed a one-year deal for the supply of 25,000t of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) at Brussels airport. Shell will deliver the SAF via pipeline to the airport. The SAF will be co-processed, meaning it will be produced in a fossil refinery by replacing fossil crude oil with renewable feedstocks. It will be certified by the international sustainability and carbon certification (ISCC) programme. DHL Express customers will be able to claim verified emission reductions (VER) carbon credits linked to the use of the SAF through DHL's book and claim model . DHL recently signed a supply agreement with US-based fuel supplier World Fuel Services for the latter to supply Miami International Airport with around 227mn l of blended SAF — 68mn l of which will be pure SAF — over a two-year period. DHL said it consumed 72,000t of SAF in 2023 for its Scope 1 operations — which refer to a company's direct emissions, becoming one of the top three SAF buyers globally. This amounts to around 15pc of global annual SAF output, based on the International Air Transport Association's estimate of around 500,000t of SAF produced in 2023. By Evelina Lungu Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

Cop: EU, four countries commit to 1.5°C climate plans


21/11/24
21/11/24

Cop: EU, four countries commit to 1.5°C climate plans

Baku, 21 November (Argus) — The EU, Canada, Mexico, Norway and Switzerland have committed to submit new national climate plans setting out "steep emission cuts", that are consistent with the global 1.5°C temperature increase limit sought by the Paris Agreement. The EU and four countries made the pledge at the UN Cop 29 climate summit in Baku, Azerbaijan today, and called on other nations to follow suit — particularly major economies. Countries are due to submit new climate plans — known as nationally determined contributions (NDCs) — covering 2035 goals to the UN climate body the UNFCCC by early next year. The EU, Canada, Mexico, Norway and Switzerland have not yet submitted their plans, but they will be aligned with a 1.5°C pathway, EU climate commissioner Wopke Hoekstra said today. The Paris climate agreement seeks to limit the global rise in temperature to "well below" 2°C and preferably to 1.5°C. Canada's NDC is being considered by the country's cabinet and will be submitted by the 10 February deadline, Canadian ambassador for climate change Catherine Stewart said today. Switzerland's new NDC will also be submitted by the deadline, the country's representative confirmed. Pamana's special representative for climate change Juan Carlos Monterrey Gomez also joined the press conference today. Panama, which is designated as carbon negative, submitted an updated NDC in June. It is planning to submit a nature pledge, Monterrey Gomez said. "It is time to streamline processes to get to real action", he added. The UK also backed the pledge. The UK announced an ambitious emissions reduction target last week. The UAE — which hosted Cop 28 last year — released a new NDC just ahead of Cop 29, while Brazil, host of next year's Cop 30, released its new NDC on 13 November during the summit. Thailand yesterday at Cop 29 communicated a new emissions reduction target . Indonesia last week said that it intends to submit its updated NDC ahead of the February deadline, with a plan placing a ceiling on emissions and covering all greenhouse gases as well as including the oil and gas sector. Colombia also indicated that its new climate plan will seek to address fossil fuels, but it will submit its NDC by June next year . By Georgia Gratton Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

EU countries urged to align green H2 rules for refining


20/11/24
20/11/24

EU countries urged to align green H2 rules for refining

Brussels, 20 November (Argus) — EU member states must harmonise the incentives they offer refineries to switch to renewable hydrogen in order to simplify investment decisions and ensure a level playing field, delegates heard at the European Hydrogen Week event in Brussels. Frontrunner countries have diverged. Germany has proposed simpler and more lucrative incentives for its fuel producers compared with the neighbouring Netherlands, while Belgium has drafted its plans but is yet to cement them until its new government settles, industry participants said at the event. To stimulate demand, these governments are working on versions of a scheme sometimes called "the refinery route" which allows transport fuel producers to generate tradeable credits if they substitute renewable hydrogen into their processes. But implementation of the scheme has been put in the hands of each EU member, which has yielded different designs even between neighbours. Industry groups from Germany, Belgium and the Netherlands argued this week that aligning their hydrogen policies would have an outsized impact and could set a direction for others. The trio account for 30pc of Europe's industry and 40pc of its hydrogen consumption, according to Dutch industry group NLHydrogen's chairman Marcel Galjee. "If we can't find agreement even in these three countries, then it becomes impossible at the European level, so let's take these countries as a start and build from there," Galjee said. Having uniform rules would simplify the calculation of the value of the incentives which is "the only way to drive investment", according to Galjee. "If we would align Germany, Belgium [and] the Netherlands, it would be much easier to determine the value of a refinery route in your business case. That is currently very difficult and it's preventing progress," he said. The Netherlands' recent proposal to deploy a correction factor to curb the value of its credits angered some refiners and industry groups . The Dutch approach to deploy a correction factor to drive more renewable hydrogen use in refineries was good thinking but bad execution, according to Galjee. The Netherlands would be better copying Germany's policies without a correction factor and then increasing the size of the Dutch quota for renewable hydrogen use in transport as a simpler way to get the demand stimulus it wants, he argued. Boosting demand was not the only intention of the correction factor, however, as the Netherlands also wanted to stop the refinery route undermining direct use of hydrogen and derivatives in vehicles. Fully copying Germany may not be a "realistic option in the Dutch environment today", and while Galjee hopes the Netherlands can move closer to Germany's refinery route system, the top priority must be that some form of the Dutch refinery route starts on time in January 2026, he said. Belgian industry also wants its government to replicate the system devised by Germany, according to Belgium Hydrogen Council chair and Port of Antwerp-Bruges chief operations officer Tom Hautekiet. "Don't try to be smart, just copy and don't change anything from the German system. I want it exactly the same, with the same multipliers, the same objectives," he said. Belgium will likely confirm its plans publicly in a matter of months, and Hautekiet is hoping the government will hear the message from industry. There could even more divergence across the rest of the bloc. Industry participants said they have found it impossible to track every country. France has also proposed a version of the refinery route, but it differs from Germany in certain other areas of hydrogen policy, which has meant the other three have found it easier to present cohesive views as a trio. The issue of fragmentation may deepen in coming months as EU member states start to transpose into national law EU mandates relating to hydrogen in industry ahead of the May 2025 deadline. This will mean even more autonomy and room for divergence. By Aidan Lea Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

TotalEnergies' La Mede HVO plant restarting units


20/11/24
20/11/24

TotalEnergies' La Mede HVO plant restarting units

Barcelona, 20 November (Argus) — TotalEnergies 500,000 t/yr La Mede hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO) plant near the French port of Fos-Lavera is restarting units following planned works The company issued a notice saying flaring and noise may occur through to the evening of 21 November as the restart occurs. TotalEnergies has not commented on the scope of the works, but the duration appears relatively short. La Mede began receiving feedstock again after a short break at the start of the month. It loaded a 14,000t HVO cargo last weekend, shipped to Fiumicino, Italy, which should arrive on 22 November, according to Argus tracking and Kpler data. Italy's Eni said this week that its 650,000 t/yr Gela HVO unit on Sicily is still undergoing planned works aimed at boosting the plant's flexibility to produce sustainable aviation fuel (SAF). A tanker arrived at Gela's berth today and is slated to load an HVO cargo, according to Kpler data and Argus tracking. But the vessel has a 20 December delivery date in the Amsterdam-Rotterdam-Antwerp (ARA) region, suggesting loading may not be imminent. By Adam Porter Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

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