Unica descarta ameaça judicial ao Renovabio
A Política Nacional de Biocombustíveis (Renovabio) está a caminho de solidificar ainda mais a presença dos renováveis na matriz energética brasileira, avalia o presidente da União da Indústria de Cana-de-Açúcar e Bioenergia (Unica), Evandro Gussi, apesar das distribuidoras que aderiram à judicialização para não cumprir as metas do programa.
Algumas das distribuidoras de combustíveis que não cumpriram a meta de compra de Cbios em 2022 levaram a tribunal reclamações sobre o programa de descarbonização, em uma pressão crescente por mudanças de regras do programa.
Há pelo menos 16 distribuidoras com liminares para não cumprir metas do Renovabio, apurou a Argus em outubro. Em boa parte dos casos, o pleito alega que o impacto da pegada de carbono da cadeia de combustíveis fósseis não deveria ser integralmente assumido pelo elo distribuidor. Uma vitória desses varejistas poderia colocar o Renovabio em xeque.
O presidente da Unica revelou que há estudos em curso que poderiam vincular o descumprimento das metas à hipótese de crime ambiental, já que o Renovabio é uma reposta ao Acordo de Paris.
"Eu e a Unica olhamos para essas distribuidoras com perplexidade e com uma pergunta: até quando eles acham que esse tipo de comportamento antiambiental vai perdurar?", Gussi respondeu a uma pergunta da Argus em um evento nesta semana.
Gussi apontou que há um interesse crescente no Renovabio no exterior, especialmente de países que buscam uma expansão da sua capacidade instalada de energias renováveis. O Renovabio é o maior programa de descarbonização da matriz de transporte do mundo, disse ele, citando o diretor executivo da Agência Internacional de Energia (IEA, na sigla em inglês), Fatih Birol.
Participantes da indústria na Índia, que planeja dobrar a mistura de etanol para 20pc até 2025, e do Japão, que tem metas para a produção de SAF, incluindo pela rota alcohol-to-jet, abordaram a associação recentemente sobre o Renovabio.
Um dos aspectos mais valiosos do programa é como ele mapeia a eficiência de cada usina — medida por sua pontuação de intensidade de carbono — para determinar a quantidade de produção de etanol que resultará na emissão de um Cbio, na visão da Unica.
Enquanto isso, Iniciativas semelhantes na UE e nos EUA utilizam benchmarks. "É por isso que o Brasil está sendo copiado hoje, servindo de inspiração", disse Gussi.
A gama de iniciativas de energia limpa ou eliminação progressiva de fontes fósseis – como o Combustível do Futuro e o programa Mover – está interligada ao Renovabio, o que torna as distribuidoras inadimplentes ainda mais fora de compasso com os tempos atuais, disse ele.
"Mas esse é comportamento fossilizado que não vai durar", disse Gussi. "E o Renovabio, como política, como racionalidade econômica ambiental, ele vai ficar."
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