Extension of Malaysia lockdown hurts biomass output

Spanish Market: Biomass, Electricity
25/03/20

Malaysia today extended a countrywide lockdown by two weeks to 14 April to combat the spread of the coronavirus, a move expected to keep wood pellet factories closed for nearly a month.

The restrictions on movement are also making it more difficult for many palm kernel shells (PKS) suppliers to operate. The Malaysian state government of Sabah imposed the strictest measures on the palm oil industry by today imposing a lockdown on plantations during 25-31 March and on mills for 27-31 March.

The national government initially imposed a shutdown of non-essential businesses for 18-31 March but the order has been extended as there are 1,796 confirmed cases of coronavirus in Malaysia, the highest in southeast Asia. The shutdown order initially included palm oil mills and plantations, but they managed to successfully appeal against this order. But Sabah's government said today it was closing palm oil estates and mills across the districts of Tawau, Lahad Datu and Kinabatangan until at least the end of this month to curb the movement of palm oil workers after some farm workers tested positive for the virus.

At least one PKS market participant said today it had to declare force majeure on a PKS cargo in Sabah that it cannot load, even though it had a full cargo ready. Another PKS supplier elsewhere in Malaysia said it has been unable to load a PKS cargo this week, as the restrictions on movement has upset logistics and made it hard to find workers to screen and operate stocks and move cargoes.

Sabah is Malaysia's largest palm oil producer, accounting for 25pc of Malaysia's 19.9mn t of crude palm oil production in 2019. Malaysia is also the second-largest exporter of wood pellets and PKS in Asia after Indonesia. Malaysia exported 707,000t of PKS in 2019, up by 88pc from a year earlier, with most sold to utilities in Japan. Malaysia also exported 615,000t of wood pellets in 2019, down by 13pc from 2018.

PKS supplies in Indonesia and Malaysia are already tight because of the current low production of fresh fruit bunches. This pushed the spot east coast Sumatra Indonesian PKS price up above $100/t last week for the first time since Argus began the assessment in May 2017. Argus assessed the price at $101.42/t on 18 March, an 11pc increase since the start of this year.

Buyers in South Korea and Japan still need biomass for their power plants. South Korean buyers of wood pellets have said they will try to reschedule cargoes with suppliers, although they had not expected Malaysia's wood pellet factories to be closed until as late as 14 April.

Raw material shortages have already tightened supplies of wood pellets from Vietnam and Malaysia, as a result of China's reduced demand for furniture and wood products following the outbreak of the coronavirus. Fob Vietnam wood prices edged up over the previous week to close at $98.95/t on 18 March.

The coronavirus outbreak is spreading in southeast Asia, with Thailand yesterday declaring a one-month state of emergency. Thailand was the second-largest consumer of PKS in 2019, importing 587,693t from Indonesia, according to customs data. Cases are also rising in Indonesia, which is a major exporter of LNG, coal, palm oil, PKS and other commodities, while it is a minor exporter of wood pellets.

By Claire Pickard-Cambridge, Lauren Moffitt and Sam Hong

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15/11/24

Brazil looks beyond forests to reduce CO2

Sao Paulo, 15 November (Argus) — Brazil will target energy and transportation emissions as part of its nationally determined contribution (NDC) it outlined ahead of schedule, as the country prepares to host the Cop 30 conference in Belem, Para state next year. The government's goal with the new NDC is to "lead by example" by committing to the more aggressive emissions-reduction targets. The new NDC, which was released ahead of the UN Cop 29 climate change conference in Baku, Azerbaijan, aims to go beyond deforestation — which causes roughly half of the country's emissions — to include other sectors of the economy, including industry, transport, energy and agriculture. Under the new proposal, Brazil will aim to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 59-67pc from 2005 levels by 2035, equivalent to emissions levels of 850mn-1.05bn metric tons of CO2 equivalent (tCO2e). The government promised to finalize the targets for each sector of the economy during the first half of next year. On the energy and transport fronts, Brazil is seeking to further expand the use of renewables, which currently stand at 89pc of electricity and 49pc of total energy consumption. To reduce emissions from this sector, the government plans to gradually reduce the use of fossil fuels and to replace them with electric motors and biofuels. Additionally, the government cited policies that have been approved this year, including the low-carbon hydrogen law and the fuels of the future law, which will reduce emissions from the industrial and transport sectors. The government also underscored the expanded use of advanced biofuels and the production of conventional biofuels in conjunction with carbon capture to reduce energy emissions. The plan singled out the waste-management sector for its potential to contribute to methane emissions reductions while generating renewable energy from CH4 capture. It cited the expansion of biomethane use, to reduce the use of LPG and natural gas in cooking. For the agriculture sector, the government is targeting large-scale conversion of degraded pastures into crop land, as well as the expanded use of new farming techniques, such as crop-livestock and crop-livestock-forest integration. Additionally, the government promised to expand its efforts to combat deforestation beyond the Amazon basin into new biomes, including the Atlantic rainforest, Pantanal, pampa and cerrado tropical savanna biomes. The government has also launched a plan to reforest roughly 12mn hectares of forests by 2030, which would contribute to the country's net GHG removals. Some Brazilian NGOs commended the government for issuing the new NDC ahead of schedule, and for citing concrete measures that will be adopted to reduce GHG emissions. But they warned that the new NDC is not in line with the goal of limiting global warming to 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels. Climate NGO Greenpeace classified the new target as "unambitious" and "clearly insufficient," while Brazilian climate think tank Observatorio do Clima criticized the government's failure to increase its targets for 2030. Observatorio do Clima, along with roughly 100 other NGOs, issued a report earlier this year calling on Brazil to adopt a much more aggressive target to slash CO2 emissions by 92pc from 2005 levels by 2035, equivalent to 200mn tCO2e/y. While the NDC did cite policies aimed at reducing dependence on fossil fuels, Observatorio do Clima criticized the government's failure to announce a plan to end the expansion of fossil-fuel use. This sentiment was echoed by Oil Change International, which said that Brazil's goal of being on the "forefront of the global energy transition" is incompatible with its plans to increase oil production over the next decade. Observatorio do Clima also criticized the lack of clarity regarding its plans to double renewable energy capacity and triple energy efficiency. It also questioned the government's deforestation goals, arguing that all deforestation, not just illegal deforestation, needed to be eliminated. 2023 Brazil emissions sources Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

Cop: Parties back battery storage, grids and H2 pledges

15/11/24

Cop: Parties back battery storage, grids and H2 pledges

Baku, 15 November (Argus) — Parties including the US, the UK, Germany, Brazil, the UAE and Saudi Arabia on Friday endorsed pledges on energy storage and grids, and low-carbon hydrogen put forward earlier this year by the UN Cop 29 summit presidency. The pledges aim to increase battery storage capacity six-fold by 2030, from 2022 levels, and enhance energy grids, as well as unlock the potential for a global market for low-carbon hydrogen and its derivatives. It is unclear how many countries have endorsed the pledges so far. Some government representatives, international energy agencies and private sector firms showed their support today to the Cop pledge aiming to enhance grid capacity through a global deployment goal of adding or refurbishing 25mn km of grids by 2030. The commitment also recognises the need "to add or refurbish an additional 65mn km by 2040 to align with net-zero emissions by 2050". "Achieving the grid's target would require the build-up rate to increase by double," energy think-tank Ember said today, adding that the 1,500GW storage goal can be exceeded "significantly". The battery storage goal is in line with what the IEA said is needed to meet the goal of tripling renewable energy capacity by 2030, while maintaining energy security. The commitment was taken last year during Cop 28 in Dubai. The IEA expects that most projects will be located in China and developed economies. Delegates called for national targets for energy storage and power grids as well as for more energy connectivity and trade to be able to decarbonise countries faster and to support regional energy cooperation. "Cross-border energy in Asia Pacific remains mainly in bilateral contracts," said a representative from the region. Parties highlighted the urgency to accelerate energy investment, with the International Renewable Energy Agency (Irena) calling for a new finance goal for developing countries — currently under negotiations — that reflects the need of financing these nations need to accelerate their clean energy expansion. Clean energy investments in emerging and developing countries outside China have risen to $320bn in 2024, according to the IEA. But a representative from Egypt pointing out that over $1 trillion per year is needed for these countries' transition. Saudi Arabia supported both of the pledges, while reiterating that natural gas storage and carbon and capture storage was needed to be able to guarantee stable energy with less emissions. US energy secretary Jennifer Granholm said that the battery storage and grid pledges at the summit will set the tone at next week's G20 where she hopes countries set a similar target. By Jacqueline Echevarria Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

Cop: Granholm calls for more efforts if US quits Paris

15/11/24

Cop: Granholm calls for more efforts if US quits Paris

New York, 15 November (Argus) — Countries at the UN Cop 29 climate summit in Baku, Azerbaijan, need to double down their efforts to fight climate change even if the US withdraws from the Paris Agreement, US energy secretary Jennifer Granholm said. Granholm pointed out that seven years ago, when the US government abandoned international cooperation on climate, the international stage stepped forward to lead climate efforts. US states and cities also stepped up to fill the void left by the absence of federal policy, she told delegates at a high-level meeting. "Climate has never been only about the US, it has been about all of us", adding that no other country should think about pulling out of the Paris accord. Granholm highlighted that the country's policies to support the clean energy economy will ensure that investment in clean energy technologies will continue in the US. Her comments were in line with US climate advisor John Podesta's earlier this week . "We are keeping the US climate movement alive by taking every action available thanks to a strategy that lays the foundation for decades of climate and clean energy progress that will continue to grow faster than ever before." she said. The US is projected to add more than 60GW of clean energy in 2024, more than twice the amount achieved in a previous year, according to Granholm. She added that the US has invested over $1.5 trillion in clean technologies and infrastructure as a result of this industrial strategy. With businesses and consumers investing $6 for every dollar of federal investment. By Jacqueline Echevarria Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

Cop: Korea’s Plagen plans Azeri green methanol plant

15/11/24

Cop: Korea’s Plagen plans Azeri green methanol plant

Baku, 15 November (Argus) — South Korean clean energy firm Plagen has signed an initial agreement to develop a green methanol production plant near the port of Baku, Azerbaijan. Plagen expects that the plant, which it described as Azerbaijan's first green methanol facility, will produce 10,000 t/yr of the fuel by 2028. It will use Plagen's technology, the firm said at a side event at the UN Cop 29 climate summit today. The methanol will be produced from agricultural waste and wood waste, including hazelnuts shells and almond shells, which will be sourced from Azerbaijan, Plagen chief executive officer John Kyung said. The production process yields 96t of methanol from 300t of biomass. The produced methanol will be used as bunker fuel, and contribute Baku port's goal to reach "carbon neutrality" by 2035 amid increased traffic through the Trans-Caspian International Transport Route, as ships seek alternatives to the fraught Suez Canal route. Kyung said today that the firm also has plans to produce green methanol at Indonesia's Batam to supply as bunker fuel to Singapore, the biggest bunkering port in the world. Plagen also expects 32,000 t/yr of green methanol production by 2027 at a plant in Taebaek, South Korea. This is up from 10,000 t/yr as previously planned . By Tng Yong Li Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

Latin America can harness energy transition: World Bank

14/11/24

Latin America can harness energy transition: World Bank

Montevideo, 14 November (Argus) — Latin America and Caribbean countries have the resources the world needs for the energy transition, but need to make substantial changes to benefit from them, a World Bank official said. The region is focused on producing a long list of resources, from critical minerals to low-carbon hydrogen, for the energy transition. It produced resources for economic transformations in the past, but did not reap benefits. This time it could be different. "We still have the problem of opportunities being left on the table," William Maloney, the World Bank's chief economist for Latin America and the Caribbean, told Argus . He said the region should look to Nordic countries. "What we want to do is avoid another cycle of saying ‘okay, take our resources and give us 30pc, so we have budget support,' " he said on the sidelines of a bank-sponsored conference on innovation in Montevideo, Uruguay. The region is home to more than 50pc of lithium resources worldwide, according to the US Geological Survey, and also dominates in reserves of critical metals, including copper, silver and tin that are used in different components of the energy transition. It has vast natural gas reserves from Trinidad and Tobago down to Argentina. Maloney said the region should look at what Sweden has done with its forestry sector and Norway with oil. He said that Sweden's forestry sector has a network of state and private institutions working together to create knowledge and add value to the products. "This is what we have to do with our lithium, natural gas or oil," he said. Forestry products accounted for 8.6pc of Sweden's export earnings in 2023, according to the government's statistics agency. He said Norway came up with a plan when oil was discovered that allowed the oil majors to produce, but contracts included specific clauses on knowledge transfer and technology that let the country develop its own petroleum industry. Oil and gas accounted for 62pc of Norway's exports in 2023. It has 48.2 trillion cf of natural gas and in 2023 was the fourth natural gas exporter after the US, Russia and Qatar. "The idea is to approach foreign capital and foreign technology with ideas that go beyond taxes and beyond employment to learning how to do things ourselves," he said. "It does not have to be us or them, there is a negotiation to be had." By Lucien Chauvin Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

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