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Japan studies options to cut coastal shipping emissions

  • : Emissions, Fertilizers, Hydrogen, Natural gas, Oil products
  • 21/07/01

Japan is examining options to cut carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from coastal shipping, as it considers raising an emissions target for the industry in line with the country's more ambitious 46pc reduction target for 2030 on 2013 levels.

The transport ministry is discussing presenting a decarbonisation roadmap later this year for the country's coastal shipping industry, which handles 40pc of domestic freight transport, as it seeks to revise the industry's 2030 emissions reduction target to 17pc compared with 15pc previously. The ministry is working out a separate policy for coastal shipping because of its structural problems that could hinder capital investment in greener operations, as the industry is dominated by small enterprises with limited working capital.

Around 4,000 operators and shipowners operated 7,400 coastal vessels, 70pc of which were past their 14-year service life, during the April 2018-March 2019 fiscal year. This contrasts with the international shipping industry where 200 firms operated 2,600 ocean-going vessels.

The transport ministry is considering exploring next-generation vessels for coastal shipping, such as battery-operated and hydrogen fuel cell ships, along with LNG-fuelled ships, to reduce emissions and work towards decarbonisation. The introduction of such ships is expected to be mostly limited to domestic shipping routes where infrastructure is sufficient until 2030, according to the ministry.

Japan has developed LNG bunkering infrastructure at key domestic ports since the 2015 launch of the country's first LNG-fuelled ship Sakigake by shipping firm NYK Line. Rival shipping firm Mitsui OSK Lines last year launched the LNG-fuelled coastal bulk carrier Isemirai in central Japan's Ise bay where LNG bunkering infrastructure has been set up.

The existing hydrogen pipeline at Yokohama-Kawasaki port has attracted a proposed pilot operation of a hydrogen-powered fuel cell passenger ferry from 2024. More projects are in the pipeline for hydrogen-powered ships in efforts to take advantage of proposed hydrogen infrastructure at Kobe in west Japan, Chita and Yokkaichi in central Japan and Hibikinada in south Japan.

The coastal shipping industry has also made some progress in its shift to all-electric vessels particularly for small size, short-distance shipping. Shipping firm NS United in 2019 launched a hybrid coastal bulk carrier that can run on a diesel engine or lithium-ion batteries. Shipbuilder Oshima Shipbuilding in 2019 commissioned a battery-powered electric passenger ship.

Coastal expansion

The transport ministry expects use of greener ships will be expanded for coastal shipping after 2030 with further development of domestic supply infrastructure expected for carbon-neutral marine fuels, such as hydrogen, ammonia and synthetic fuels. This is in line with Tokyo's target to commercially deploy its first-generation zero-emissions vessels before 2028. Tokyo is considering providing financial support for development of hydrogen- and ammonia-fuelled vessels, along with fuel supply infrastructure.

The transport ministry is also planning to continue pursuing energy efficiency in coastal shipping by launching next-generation vessels, including those with hybrid marine propulsion systems. Such conventional fuel-efficient ships can be refitted with rechargeable batteries or hydrogen fuel cell batteries, or converted to be fuelled with synthetic fuels after 2030 to achieve carbon neutrality. It is also looking to improve efficient shipping operations, such as weather routing and use of onshore power to reduce emissions when moored at ports.

The ministry last year enforced a revised efficiency rating programme for coastal ships, targeting to help the industry enhance the fuel efficiency of their vessels. A total of 43 coastal ships have so far been awarded the highest efficiency ranking, including three LNG-fuelled vessels.


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24/11/14

Cop: German opposition pushes for Article 6

Cop: German opposition pushes for Article 6

Berlin, 14 November (Argus) — Germany's main opposition parties have welcomed the progress achieved on Article 6 of the Paris Agreement in at the UN Cop 29 climate summit in Baku, Azerbaijan. They have called on Germany and the EU to make better use of the instrument to allow for more cost-efficient climate action. Germany's dominant opposition party, the right-of-centre CDU/CSU, on 14 November commended the framework under Article 6 as an efficient way of reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Article 6 of the Paris accord aims to help set rules on global carbon trade. The Article 6 mechanism allows for reductions to happen where they are quickest, cheapest and easiest to be carried out, the CDU head of the working group on climate action and energy, Andreas Jung, said in a debate in the lower house of parliament, the Bundestag. The deputy head of the FDP faction Lukas Koehler, also speaking in the Bundestag on 14 November, called on Germany and the EU to "finally" integrate the Article 6 in their climate action plans. Koehler argued that if for instance Germany's progress in emissions reduction should turn out to be too slow, the country could temporarily shift its efforts — and the associated finance — to where more rapid mitigation might be achieved, such as Brazil. The EU, of which Germany is a member state, will not make use of Article 6 credits, at least until 2030, to reach its so-called nationally determined contribution (NDC) – its climate action pledge — under the Paris climate accord. The EU has been seeing progress on ongoing Article 6 negotiations at Cop 29, the European Commission's principal advisor for international aspects of EU climate policy Jacob Werksman said today, "mostly because parties are now agreeing with the EU and others that were concerned about the transparency and accountability of the bilateral markets that operate under Article 6.2". Werksman believes there is enough momentum for negotiations to be concluded next week, noting that the atmosphere has "improved" compared with previous negotiations, which echoes the sentiment expressed by a number of negotiators earlier this week . Werksman pointed in particular to the US now agreeing with others and helping to broker compromises. Koehler also warned German government representatives in Baku to refrain from "expensive" pledges which may strain the country's budget. Developed countries agreed in 2009 to deliver $100bn/yr in climate finance to developing nations, and Cop 29 is focused on the next iteration of this — the new collective quantified goal (NCQG) . In a statement, Germany — represented by Scholz despite his absence at the Cop — and other G7 members like Canada, France, or the Netherlands agreed that "developed countries must continue to take the lead and live up to existing finance commitments". Germany faces early elections as the government lost its majority last week following the sacking, by chancellor Olaf Scholz of the Social Democrat SPD, of finance minister Christian Lindner of the pro-business FDP party and the FDP's subsequent withdrawal from the ruling coalition. Polls suggest that the CDU/CSU group will easily win the next federal elections which are scheduled to take place on 23 February. The FDP's persistent refusal to allow Germany to take on more debt to enable more public funding, including of clean technologies, was the main reason for Lindner's sacking. By Chloe Jardine and Victoria Hatherick Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

Brazilian senate passes carbon market bill


24/11/14
24/11/14

Brazilian senate passes carbon market bill

Sao Paulo, 14 November (Argus) — Brazil's senate approved a bill that will create a regulated carbon market, helping to underpin the country's emissions-reduction targets. The senate approved the bill nearly 11 months after it was passed in the lower house. But the proposal will still need final approval in the lower legislature because of the changes to the text. The approval was celebrated by the Brazilian delegation in the UN Cop 29 climate summit in Baku, Azerbaijan. The carbon market will give Brazil the financial instruments to help meet its emissions reduction targets, environment minister Marina Silva said. 67pc](http://direct.argusmedia.com/newsandanalysis/article/2628248) by 2035 from 2005 levels, Silva said in Baku. The legislation creates the Brazilian emissions trading system (SBCE) and stipulates that companies with over 25,000 metric tonnes/yr of emissions will be subject to the cap-and-trade system. The senate proposal maintained the exemption of the agricultural sector from the cap-and-trade system, but allows companies in this sector to sell carbon credits. The bill also stipulates that the new system cannot overlap with existing carbon-reduction programs, such as the biofuels carbon credit program Renovabio or the excise tax, which will be created in the tax reform. The senate stipulated a fine of up to 3pc of gross revenues for companies that fail to comply with emissions reduction targets. It also removed the requirement that vehicle owners will have to offset carbon emissions, which was included in the lower house proposal. Congress is expected to approve the bill before year-end, following negotiations with leaders in the senate. Once the bill is signed into law, regulations governing the proposal will still need to be approved by the federal government. Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

Advanced Fame ARA marine biodiesel blends hit 2024 lows


24/11/14
24/11/14

Advanced Fame ARA marine biodiesel blends hit 2024 lows

London, 14 November (Argus) — Marine biodiesel blends comprising Advanced Fatty acid methyl ester (Fame) 0 hit their lowest prices so far this year on 13 November, according to Argus assessments. Calculated B30 Advanced Fame 0 dob ARA prices fell by $15.05/t to $654.79/t, the lowest since 14 December 2023. Calculated B100 Advanced Fame 0 dob ARA values tumbled by $70.60/t to $922.79/t, their lowest since 29 December 2023. The calculated dob ARA range prices incorporate a deduction for HBE-Gs. These are a class of Dutch renewable fuels units, or HBEs, used by companies that bring liquid or gaseous fossil fuels into general circulation and are obligated to pay excise duty/energy tax on fuels. The sharp drop in blend values came despite firming prices in Advanced Fame 0 fob ARA range values, which rose by $11.50/t to $1,481.25/t on 13 November — their highest since 8 July. Fossil markets also rebounded from recent drops that day, with front-month Ice Brent crude futures and gasoil futures contracts edging higher by 16:30 BST. Market participants had pointed to sluggish demand for European marine biodiesel blends in recent sessions, which may have added pressure on Advanced Fame 0 blend prices. HBE-G values have soared, weighing on the blend values for which it is accounted as a deduction. Prices for 2024 HBE-Gs had almost doubled on the month at €18.75-18.95/GJ by 13 November, up from €9.70-9.90/GJ four weeks prior. Market participants attributed the increase in 2024 prices to recent gains in European hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO) prices, tight supply because of a decline in tickets from biofuels used in shipping and less overall biofuel blending in the fourth quarter. HBE-Gs surpassed the like-for-like cost physical blending of HVO class IV by 13 November, albeit marginally, which could encourage physical blending. But high demand in a tightly supplied market in the Netherlands is continuing to drive HVO prices higher. The supply tightness is the result of a combination of fewer imports, with provisional anti-dumping duties in place on Chinese volumes, and some production problems. Italy's Eni confirmed on 7 November that it has halted output at its Gela HVO unit on Sicily, for planned maintenance. Finnish producer Neste said it stopped production at its plant in Rotterdam because of a fire on 8 November. France's TotalEnergies said that the shutdown of unspecified units at its La Mede plant would result in flaring on 8 November. By Hussein Al-Khalisy and Evelina Lungu Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

LAT Nitrogen halts sales to Germany on high gas costs


24/11/14
24/11/14

LAT Nitrogen halts sales to Germany on high gas costs

London, 14 November (Argus) — Major European producer LAT Nitrogen has withdrawn from the German market today owing to a surge in gas costs. LAT Nitrogen produces nitrogen-based products for the fertilizer and industrial chemical markets. It sells CAN, ASN and NPK 15-15-15 to the German market. "We will closely monitor the development of gas prices before considering a return to the market," LAT Nitrogen market intelligence and demand planning analyst Harald Lindner said. Front-month natural gas prices on the Dutch TTF have climbed steadily over the past two months, reaching more than €45/MWh today, up by €10/MWh from September. CAN is a key nitrogen fertilizer used in the German market and spot prices have stagnated at about €280/t bulk cif inland and have failed to grow ahead of the season, despite higher list prices. Yara raised its CAN asking price on 16 October to €305/t bulk cif inland for delivery to Germany and the Benelux countries, up from its previous offer of €295/t bulk cif inland. Buying interest from farmers has been incredibly slow ahead of spring applications this year. Market coverage in Germany for nitrogen fertilizers for the 2024-25 fertilizer year is estimated to be 40-45pc, down from an average of 60-65pc by mid-November. Weak grain prices, reduced farm incomes and warehouses full of unsold agricultural produce are also said to be behind the lack of demand for fertilizers from consumers. Some wholesalers are expecting sales to remain slow until the start of 2025, which will give distributors logistical challenges to deliver product ahead of early spring applications. LAT Nitrogen began maintenance in mid-September on some of the lines at its Linz site in Austria, affecting downstream fertilizer output of ammonia, nitric acid, CAN and NPKs. This was due to be finished by early November. The Linz site is a major source of fertilizers for central and eastern Europe, with CAN 27 annual production roughly at or above 600,000t in typical recent years, according to latest IFA data. The 429,000 t/yr prilled urea plant at Linz was unaffected by the maintenance and is running as normal. By Suzie Skipper Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

Guyana hires floating generators to avert outages


24/11/14
24/11/14

Guyana hires floating generators to avert outages

Kingston, 14 November (Argus) — Guyana is lifting its floating power capacity to 111MW with the rental of plants that the government says will prevent widespread power cuts over the next two years. The government has contracted a 75MW power barge from Turkish firm Karpowership that installed a 36MW barge in May, finance minister Ashni Singh said on Wednesday. The government has not released the terms of the contracts for the floating plants that are being fired by imported heavy fuel oil. Karpowership has been given a two-year contract that the government says will expire with the scheduled commissioning of a $2bn natural gas project that includes a 300MW power plant. The project will be fed by gas from a deepwater block being worked by US major ExxonMobil. The agreements with Karpowership "will take us just beyond the period when the new plant comes on stream," Guyana's vice president Bharrat Jagdeo said. The growing oil producer in northern South America faces a widening power deficit as state power utility GPL cannot meet demand created by a rapidly expanding oil-fired economy, the government said. Power demand in the country of 750,000 people has grown from 115MW in 2020 to 175MW currently and is projected to reach 205MW by year-end, the government said. GPL's fuel oil-fired output of 165MW "does not allow for a comfortable reserve so we need adequate redundant capacity," an official told Argus . Guyana's contract for power barges from Karpowership is the company's third in the region. Six of the company's floating plants are supporting Cuba's faltering power system, while another is stationed in the Dominican Republic. By Canute James Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

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