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Malaysia launches WTO palm oil complaint against EU

  • : Agriculture, Biofuels, Fertilizers
  • 21/01/18

Malaysia, the world's second-biggest palm oil producer after Indonesia, has initiated legal action against the EU and its member states France and Lithuania with the World Trade Organization (WTO) for their anti-palm oil biofuel policies.

Kuala Lumpur has filed a request for consultations under the WTO's dispute settlement mechanism against the EU for implementing the Renewable Energy Directive (RED) II without considering its views on and commitment to sustainable palm oil measures.

RED II classifies palm oil as a high indirect land use change product that raises its greenhouse gas emissions to unacceptable levels and so will be gradually phased out of the EU renewable energy mix by 2030.

France has gone further in its stance, having banned palm oil from being used as a biofuel feedstock as of 1 January 2020.

Malaysian minister of plantation industries and commodities Mohd Khairuddin Aman Razali said this creates an unreasonable trade barrier against Malaysia and is against the very principle of free-trade practice outlined by the WTO.

Malaysia has taken various steps, including economic and technical missions to Europe and giving feedback on the implementation of RED II, that have not been taken into account, he said.

It has also expanded coverage of its Malaysian sustainable palm oil certification scheme that aims to improve the country's sustainability practices. But Malaysian producers have come under fire for alleged labour abuses recently, with the US banning palm oil imports from Sime Darby and FGV.

Malaysia will remain a third-party observer in a similar case filed by Indonesia in 2019, which is ongoing.

Khairuddin said the country's involvement is crucial as a sign of support for and solidarity with palm oil-producing countries. Malaysia exported 379,000t of biodiesel last year, according to the Malaysian palm oil board.


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24/11/01

Port strike to halt Vancouver sulfur exports

Port strike to halt Vancouver sulfur exports

Houston, 1 November (Argus) — Sulfur exports could be halted early next week following the announcement of a strike notice by the International Longshore and Warehouse Union (ILWU) Local 514. The union issued a notice for a strike to begin on 11am ET on 4 November after rejecting a final offer from the British Columbian Maritime Employers Association (BCMEA) for a new labor contract. The two parties have been in talks for a new contract since the previous labor agreement expired in March 2023. The BCMEA responded early this morning with a lockout notice, set at the same time as the ILWU Local 514's strike on 4 November. The work stoppage at the port will impact all commodities aside from grains, according to sources. No sulfur handling operations —rail unloading and vessel loading— will take place for the duration of the strike. Logistics providers and shippers will have three days to load vessels, and will likely expedite railcar unloadings before railroad operators make sure cargoes are stored safely. Shippers at the port of Vancouver have exported around 2.47mn t of sulfur from January-September this year, up by 5pc on the year with increased deliveries to China, Indonesia and the US. The Canadian government has the power to intervene and force the parties back to the negotiating table, albeit with a federally appointed mediator. This would also require employees to return to work and for operations at the terminals to resume. By Chris Mullins Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

October a record month for AOM Ucome trading


24/11/01
24/11/01

October a record month for AOM Ucome trading

London, 1 November (Argus) — Used cooking oil methyl ester (Ucome) had its strongest month yet on the Argus Open Markets (AOM) deal initiation platform in October, with 107,000t changing hands. Ucome activity more than quadrupled on the month after only 26,000t traded in September. Ucome traded in October made up 19.6pc of total Ucome volumes traded in 2024 so far. For all three products combined — RME, Ucome, and Fame 0 — October 2024 was the most active month of trading since August 2023, and before that, July 2022. RME trade totalled 145,000t, a 150pc increase from September, and 104,000t of Fame 0 changed hands, a 108pc increase. In total, 356,000t of biodiesel was traded in October, up from 134,000t in September and 143,000t in August. The rise in activity aligned with the start of the new quarter and some major news for the market. At the end of September, Germany proposed a draft bill that would prevent excess greenhouse gas (GHG) quota tickets from being carried into 2025 and 2026. GHG quota tickets are the compliance mechanism for the GHG reduction mandate that governs biofuels usage, and the market is heavily oversupplied at the moment, pressuring down prices and encouraging companies to buy and use tickets rather than physical biofuels. By starting from scratch for 2025, participants except demand to pick up substantially, although until the end of 2024 tickets will remain the cheaper option. The immediate response to the announcement of the draft bill in Germany was a surge of activity in the related paper markets for the fourth quarter, a final piece encouraging physical trading. As of the last day of the October contract, open interest stood at 1,742 lots for Ucome, 1,167 lots for Fame 0, and 2,472 lots for RME. Total open interest for the fourth quarter was 4,655 lots for Ucome, 4,396 lots for Fame 0, and 7,529 lots for RME, according to Ice data. Many companies with strong paper positions will manage exposure by trading some portion of the total volume in the spot market. The Dutch government confirmed that the country's ticket carry-over levels will be reduced, which should also increase biofuels demand next year. Biofuels mandates throughout Europe go up at the start of the new year, along with the introduction of ReFuel mandates for aviation and shipping. This all combines for a much more positive outlook for 2025 demand than the market expected, as well as stronger competition for supply. The increase in trading started a quarter ahead, as companies look to take advantage of the changes, prepare for 2025, and still cover any shorts until the end of this year. European producers have been struggling with low production margins, which has slowed down production levels. European supply has tightened because of this and imports are down because of provisional anti-dumping duties on China, which may have also encouraged some companies into the window to find product. In the macroeconomic environment, volatility in energy markets following increased tensions in the Middle East also prompted some trading, as the Ice gasoil contract underpins European biodiesel prices and has closely followed military developments. Some participants reported an overall higher risk appetite for the fourth quarter after several months of very subdued market activity. By Simone Burgin Monthly AOM trade volumes t Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

US biofuel feedstock use dips in August


24/10/31
24/10/31

US biofuel feedstock use dips in August

New York, 31 October (Argus) — Renewable feedstock usage in the US was down slightly in August but still near all-time highs, even as biomass-based diesel production capacity slipped. There were nearly 3.5bn lbs of renewable feedstocks sent to biodiesel, renewable diesel, and sustainable aviation fuel production in August this year, up from fewer than 3bn lbs a year prior, according to the US Energy Information Administration's (EIA) latest Monthly Biofuels Capacity and Feedstocks Update report. August consumption was 0.4pc below levels in July and 0.5pc below record-high levels in June. US soybean oil consumption for biofuels rose to 39.3mn lbs/d in August, up by 2.1pc from a year earlier on a per-pound basis and up 6.9pc from a month prior. The increase was entirely attributable to increased usage for renewable diesel production, with the feedstock's use for biodiesel slipping slightly from July. Canola oil consumption for biofuels hit 14.2mn lbs/d, up by 58.1pc from a year prior on a per-bound basis but still 19.4pc below record-high levels in July. Distillers corn oil usage, typically less volatile month-to-month than other feedstocks, bucked that trend to hit a high for the year of 13.6mn lbs/d in August. That monthly consumption is up 13.6pc from a year earlier and 20.9pc from a month earlier. Among waste feedstocks, usage of yellow grease, which includes used cooking oil, rose to 22.4mn lbs/d in August, up 13.8pc from levels a year prior and 5.8pc from levels in July. Tallow consumption for biofuels was at 18.6 mn lbs/d over the month, an increase of 27.8pc from August last year but a decrease of 13.4pc from July this year. Production capacity of renewable diesel and similar biofuels — including renewable heating oil, renewable jet fuel, renewable naphtha, and renewable gasoline — was at 4.6bn USG/yr in August, according to EIA. That total is 24.1pc higher than a year earlier and flat from July levels. US biodiesel production capacity meanwhile declined to fewer than 2bn USG/yr over the month, down by 4.3pc from a year earlier and 1.3pc from a month earlier. US biomass-based diesel production capacity has expanded considerably in recent years, but refiners have recently confronted challenging economics as ample supply of fuels used to comply with government programs has helped depress the prices of environmental credits and hurt margins. The industry is also bracing for changes to federal policy given this year's election and a new clean fuel tax credit set to kick off in January. That credit, known as "45Z", will offer a greater subsidy to fuels that produce fewer greenhouse gas emissions, likely encouraging refiners to source more waste feedstocks over vegetable oils. That dynamic is already shaping feedstock usage this year, with Phillips 66 executives saying this week that the company's renewable fuels refinery in California is currently running more higher carbon-intensity feedstocks ahead of a shift to using more waste early next year. By Cole Martin Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

US court set to weigh biofuel blend mandates


24/10/31
24/10/31

US court set to weigh biofuel blend mandates

New York, 31 October (Argus) — A US court on Friday will weigh some novel issues that could affect enforcement of the Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS), the federal program that sets minimum biofuel blending levels for domestic motor fuel supplies. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in last year's RFS regulation required refiners and importers to blend increasing volumes of renewable fuel from 2023-2025. But the rule differed from past obligations in a crucial way. While the RFS law set annual volume targets of cellulosic, advanced and conventional biofuels through 2022, it tasked EPA with setting volumes in subsequent years by balancing factors such as the environmental impacts of biofuels, energy security, expected production and consumer costs. In a consolidated case to be heard Friday by the US Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit, environmental groups and oil refiners are separately challenging aspects of how the EPA applied those factors in setting 2023-25 volumes. The court has previously affirmed the legality of many RFS rules. "Past cases always give you some perspective on how the DC court might see it," said Susan Lafferty, a partner at law firm Holland & Knight. "But the DC court could also say, ‘not relevant anymore because this is a different part of the statute that we are working with.'" Refiners say EPA misapplied the criteria, upping compliance costs more than necessary by setting targets for cellulosic and conventional biofuels too high and targets for advanced biofuels too low. They also challenge EPA's balancing of potential impacts, noting that the agency assumed that all parties can easily pass the costs of compliance on to consumers. In a separate case this year, the DC Circuit discarded EPA rejections of program waiver petitions, in part because judges disagreed that refiners can easily pass on the cost of Renewable Identification Number (RIN) credits used to show compliance with the RFS program. EPA used this pass-through theory in the 2023-2025 rule "like a magic wand, waving it around to dismiss any argument that the rule will cause harm", the American Fuel and Petrochemical Manufacturers and small refineries said in a case filing. Lafferty expects the judges at Friday's hearing to probe the extent to which EPA's volumes relied on this pass-through theory, "a policy that now this very court has gutted." Environmentalists have similarly targeted EPA's cost analysis, arguing that the agency downplayed the environmental drawbacks of growing crops for energy. The Center for Biological Diversity and the National Wildlife Federation argue that EPA has legal discretion to set post-2022 volumes for corn- and soybean-derived biofuels as low as zero. EPA counters that the court owes the agency deference in evaluating scientific data and making predictive judgments. And biofuel groups that have intervened argue that the program is designed to require more biofuel production even if there are no formal volume requirements in law anymore. While EPA's post-2022 authority to set blend mandates is a new issue, the DC Circuit has handled various cases about EPA's implementation and has generally been deferential to the agency's volume decisions. The court this year upheld 2020-2022 targets. In a 2019 decision, the court kept volumes in place , despite telling EPA to more deeply weigh endangered species impacts. While the court might take issue with some aspects of EPA's latest rule, including the agency's lateness in finalizing volumes, judges could again be reluctant to upend fuel markets if they find only small oversights. Depending on how skeptical judges appear about EPA's arguments on Friday, the case could cause concern for biorefineries. A decision is expected next year, meaning any order for EPA to better justify its decisions or go back to the drawing board would likely fall to the next president's administration. On the panel for Friday's hearing are two judges familiar with the program: Democratic appointee Cornelia Pillard, who wrote the opinion this year upholding 2020-2022 blend mandates, and Republican appointee Gregory Katsas, who dissented and said those volumes were excessive. The third judge on the panel is Democratic appointee J. Michelle Childs. RINcrease or decrease RIN market activity has thinned as participants await the results of the court case and November's presidential election. In its latest rule, EPA aimed to provide a clearer picture over a longer timeline by finalizing volumes over multiple years. But the agency underestimated the growth in renewable diesel production, partly because of unexpectedly high feedstock imports. The result has been persistent oversupply, which took D4 biomass-based diesel credit prices from around 150¢/RIN in spring last year to as low as 42¢/RIN a year later according to Argus assessments. Multiple refiners have consequently dialed back biofuel production. In the past, RIN prices have proven sensitive to legal developments as traders anticipate supply and demand shifts. Prices softened this summer after the DC Circuit vacated small refinery waivers, leaving it unclear whether many facilities would have to buy RIN credits at all. By Cole Martin and Matthew Cope Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

Rise in phosphoric acid price to hit Indian producers


24/10/31
24/10/31

Rise in phosphoric acid price to hit Indian producers

London, 31 October (Argus) — Higher phosphoric acid prices for the fourth quarter will push India to rely more heavily on DAP imports and domestic production using imported phosphate rock and sulphur to build its DAP stocks. The Indian government said in a document issued in September that it will cover the losses incurred on imports over September 2024-March 2025, but it has not committed to covering the losses incurred on domestic production. Domestic DAP producers using imported phosphate rock and sulphur are achieving profits, but those using imported phosphoric acid are facing negative margins. Phosphoric acid price hike lifts cost of production Indian fertilizer importer and producer Coromandel this week agreed to a price of $1,060/t P2O5 cfr India for phosphoric acid in the fourth quarter with Jordanian supplier JPMC, which is up by $110/t P2O5 from the third-quarter phosphoric acid contract price. No other producer or importer has yet confirmed settling their respective phosphoric acid contract requirements for the fourth quarter. Argus calculates that importing phosphoric acid at $1,060/t P2O5 cfr and ammonia at $460/t cfr will bring the total cost of DAP production up to $647/t. Adding variable costs brings the total to about $684/t. This means that domestic DAP producers using imported phosphoric acid and ammonia will face negative margins of $64-65/t given the current maximum retail price (MRP) of 27,000 rupees/t ($321.12/t), nutrient-based subsidy (NBS) of Rs25,411/t — including the Rs3,500/t special additional package — and US dollar to rupee exchange. Without the Rs3,500/t special additional subsidy — due to expire at the end of December — the loss would rise to about $106/t. Meanwhile, with the delivered price at $635/t cfr, importers of DAP would currently face a loss of about $92/t, given the current MRP, NBS and exchange rate, and without the additional government support. Domestic DAP producers importing 67 BPL (30.66pc P2O5) phosphate rock at $145/t cfr and sulphur also at $145/t cfr will make a profit of about $47/t in current conditions. Firm interest in phosphate rock and disruptions to Syrian exports have supported prices for Jordanian product. Indications for 66-68 BPL (30.2-31.1pc P2O5) phosphate rock are now in the $130s/t fob Aqaba. By Tom Hampson Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

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