Petrobras commits to net zero carbon emissions
Petrobras' public-private structure means that it will face closer scrutiny over its emissions than other national oil firms
Brazil's Petrobras is the latest state-run oil company to commit to becoming carbon neutral, in line with the 12-member global Oil and Gas Climate Initiative, of which the firm is a member.
The carbon-neutral target applies to its scope 1 and 2 operations, which include greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from company-owned and controlled operations as well as indirect emissions from energy purchases from third parties. Petrobras also pledged to work with its partners in non-operated areas to help them reduce emissions. The goal will be met "in a timeframe compatible with that established by the Paris [climate] agreement", Petrobras says.
The firm says it has boosted carbon efficiency in exploration and production by 47pc over the past 11 years. It is targeting a 25pc reduction in emissions by 2030, according to its 2020 sustainability report released in April. Petrobras committed to investing $1bn to reduce its carbon footprint in 2021-25 in its most recent five-year plan, issued in November. The net zero commitment comes amid growing pressure on firms to step up verifiable commitments ahead of the Cop 26 climate conference in Glasgow, Scotland, in November.
Petrobras' public-private ownership structure puts it under more scrutiny than many other national oil firms. Some of its shares trade on the New York stock exchange. By the end of this year, US securities regulator the SEC aims to vote on a proposal to require publicly traded companies to disclose their climate risks, including potentially all of their direct and indirect GHG emissions.
One of the main mechanisms that Petrobras plans to use to reduce its carbon footprint is increased CO2 injection. The goal is to capture and store 40mn t of CO2 by 2025, which the firm says is equal to 18pc of global carbon capture and storage. It reinjected 7mn t of CO2 last year. The company is also testing a system that would separate and reinject CO2 at the wellhead, which would significantly reduce . Petrobras has also promised to eliminate gas flaring by 2030 at its offshore platforms. And it will seek to maximise the use of electric energy at its platforms, which it says will reduce emissions from them by up to 20pc.
Biofuel push
Downstream, the firm is targeting a 16pc reduction in its carbon intensity to 2025 and a 30pc fall by 2030. It also plans to produce more advanced biofuels, including biojet fuel and green diesel. While Petrobras has divested conventional biofuel assets, it is evaluating investments in greenfield biokerosine projects, as well as the construction of dedicated co-processed green diesel refineries.
The company last year concluded refinery tests on its patented hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO) production technology. The co-processed fuel uses up to 10pc vegetable oils to produce a drop-in fuel that is chemically identical to petroleum diesel. Petrobras' HVO diesel reduces emissions by 70pc compared with conventional diesel and by 15pc compared with biodiesel, company data show.
Colombia's state-controlled Ecopetrol led the pack of Latin American oil firms with its March pledge to reach net zero emissions by 2050. It aims to reduce its CO2 emissions — scopes 1 and 2 — by a quarter from 2019, and halve them by 2050. Key features are forestry-related programmes, renewable energy with storage, and carbon sequestration. The firm plans to install a pilot green hydrogen plant in 2022 to test production and application of the fuel at its 165,000 b/d Cartagena refinery on the Caribbean. But Ecopetrol is not abandoning the oil business. It is conducting a pilot hydraulic fracturing project in central Colombia, with the hope of boosting its flagging oil and natural gas reserves base.
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Francine moves inland as tropical depression
Francine moves inland as tropical depression
New York, 12 September (Argus) — Hurricane Francine weakened to a tropical depression on Thursday after slamming into southern Louisiana as a Category 2 hurricane the previous evening and spurring offshore operators to shut in around 39pc of oil output in the Gulf of Mexico. Francine was last about 30 miles south of Jackson, Mississippi, according to an 8am ET advisory from the National Hurricane Center, with maximum sustained winds of 35mph. The storm will move over central and northern portions of Mississippi through early Friday bringing heavy rains. Offshore oil and gas operators including Shell, ExxonMobil and Chevron evacuated workers and shut in production from some of their offshore operations in advance of Francine, while a number of ports, including New Orleans, Louisiana, shut down. About 674,833 b/d of offshore oil output was off line as of 12:30pm ET Wednesday, according to the Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement (BSEE), while 907mn cf/d of natural gas production, or 49pc of the region's output, was also off line. Operators evacuated workers from 171 platforms. Shell said Wednesday evening that production at its Perdido, Auger, and Enchilada/Salsa facilities in the Gulf of Mexico remained shut in, but it would reassess its position as offshore conditions improve. BP said it temporarily shut down and evacuated personnel from its Castrol lubricants facility in Port Allen, Louisiana. By Stephen Cunningham Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.
Tanker freight rates expected to rise from 4Q: Appec
Tanker freight rates expected to rise from 4Q: Appec
Singapore, 12 September (Argus) — Tanker freight rates are expected to pick up in October-December and into next year's first quarter on recovering demand for dirty tankers, delegates said at the S&P Global Commodity Insights Appec conference in Singapore. Clean tanker freight rates for Long Range (LR) 2 and LR1 vessels fell in the third quarter because of competition from dirty tankers, Rohit Radhakrishnan, general manager, tanker and gas, Pacific Carriers, said at the conference on 11 September. Rates were dampened on higher competition from increased vessel supply, largely because several dirty tankers such as very large crude carriers (VLCCs) switched to ship clean products. A fully laden VLCC equates to slightly more than three LR2 cargoes, which are the vessels normally used to ship diesel and gasoil from the Middle East to Europe. This was in line with a trend since July when several dirty tankers such as VLCCs were booked to carry clean petroleum products from the Mideast Gulf and Asia to Europe, given weak seasonal demand for VLCCs in the northern hemisphere and higher time-charter equivalent (TCE) rates for clean LR vessels. But the dirty tanker freight market has risen since late last week. With the recent increase in demand for dirty tankers, its $/t discount with clean tankers has decreased, said Peter Kolding, vice president of commercial and pool management at Hafnia, a tanker company. As the winter season is also coming up, demand should increase, lending a general recovery in the fourth-quarter rates, Kolding added. VLCC freight rates have steadily moved higher from about 11 months-low because of active chartering activity late last week, with several freight participants also noting that they have already touched a bottom and should continue rebounding. The Argus -assessed rate for a VLCC carrying a dirty cargo from the Mideast Gulf to southeast Asia rose to $7.52/t on 11 September, from the 11 months-low of $6.49/t on 4 September. Tanker freight rates in 2025 will still be strong compared with past years, Radhakrishnan said, but might be slightly weaker than in 2024. With freight rates in the first quarter being seasonally strong, the market should be off to a good start, Kolding added, but noted that "we still got to keep an eye on geopolitical effects." The Red Sea conflict has played a huge part in freight rates this year because of increased tonne-mile demand and costs as vessels reroute through the Cape of Good Hope, said Kolding, adding that it would take a while for the conflict to be resolved. Rates could also find further support if crude prices continue to fall, attracting charterers to book tankers such as VLCCs as offshore storage for oil, the conference moderator said. By Sean Zhuang Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.
Production cuts lift Asian seaborne bitumen values
Production cuts lift Asian seaborne bitumen values
Singapore, 12 September (Argus) — Tighter export supplies from production cuts and firmer import demand from southeast Asia has lifted seaborne Asian bitumen prices to their highest level since last year's final quarter. Argus assessed the weekly fob Singapore ABX 1 at $452.50/t on 6 September, the highest since early December 2023 and up by $7/t from the previous week. Argus assessed the weekly fob South Korea ABX 2 at $446/t on 6 September, the highest since the end of October 2023 and up by $3.50/t from a week earlier. Argus assessed weekly fob Thailand and fob Taiwan prices at $450/t on 6 September, up by $7.50/t from the previous week. This was their highest since mid-November and early December respectively. Export supplies have been curbed from Singapore, South Korea, Thailand and Taiwan since this year's second quarter because of strong high-sulphur fuel oil (HSFO) prices and weaker export margins . The daily fob Singapore ABX 1 was trading at a discount of about $75-80/t to 3.5pc 380cst HSFO fob Singapore values in March. The discount widened to $107.75/t to HSFO on 5 July, the widest this year. Enquiries were weak especially from monsoon-hit Vietnam , with higher availability of relatively cheaper Middle East-origin cargoes also depressing domestic values and reducing buying capacity. Import demand from south China continues to be weak from higher inventories and limited consumption. This is despite its existing production cuts. Only Indonesia was seeking some volumes to restock. Some Indonesian importers have been seeking October-December laycan cargoes in advance before Singapore's export supplies dry up, ahead of the year-end peak demand season. At least two importers have issued import tenders to secure October cargoes. But drier weather and the return of some national highway and maintenance projects in central and north Vietnam, along with unusually higher domestic demand in Thailand , increased enquiries for Singapore and Taiwan cargoes this quarter that supported prices. Importers from southeast Asia are also seeking other Asia-origin cargoes. This strengthened enquiries for South Korea-origin cargoes , for which southeast Asia is not a major market. Prolonged weak demand from traditional importer east China because of competitive domestic offers made South Korean cargoes available for southeast Asian buyers but demand continued to outpace supplies. Limited output At least two of three refineries in Singapore were under partial turnaround this quarter. The Singapore Refining Company's 290,000 b/d refinery is expected to return towards the end of September, while Shell's 237,000 b/d Pulau Bukom refinery is estimated to resume around mid-October. A Yeosu-based refiner in South Korea issued a tender to sell about 5-6 cargoes each month for loading across the fourth quarter from its 800,000 b/d refinery. But an Onsan-based 669,000 b/d refiner did not issue an export tender for September-laycan cargoes for unspecified reasons. Market participants are unsure if an export tender for October cargoes will be issued. Export supplies from Taiwan were also limited with refiners mostly catering to their term commitments. Thailand's 275,000 b/d Sriracha refinery and 215,000 b/d Rayong refinery limited production, while the 175,000 b/d Map Ta Phut refinery has opted to produce more fuel oil. A refinery in Malaysia had halted bitumen sales since mid-June because of limited production and is likely to return next month. This increased demand for Singapore-origin tank truck cargoes and some Singapore refiners allocated more volumes for tank truck sales, further limiting export supplies. Export supplies in Asia are expected to be tight in the short term despite seaborne prices currently trading at a premium to HSFO values, market participants close to refiners told Argus , indicating that bitumen production might not increase soon. Bitumen has been at a premium to HSFO values since the end of August. Argus assessed the daily fob Singapore ABX 1 at $460/t on 11 September, at a $48.25/t premium to 3.5pc 380cst HSFO fob Singapore that was assessed at $411.75/t. By Sathya Narayanan, Claire Ng and Chloe Choo Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.
Australia’s Victoria seeks further gas storage capacity
Australia’s Victoria seeks further gas storage capacity
Singapore, 12 September (Argus) — The state Labor government of Victoria will introduce laws to allow offshore gas storage projects in its waters as it grapples with a predicted supply deficit because of declining Bass strait production. Victoria, which is Australia's largest user of household and commercial gas, will allow gas to be stored in empty gas reservoirs offshore in a bid to boost supply security, Victorian energy minister Lily D'Ambrosio said on 11 September. But the state's waters extend three nautical miles offshore, meaning the laws will not cover most of the state's depleted fields in the Otway and Gippsland basins which lie in federally administered zones. Victoria's largest storage is the 26PJ (694.3mn m³) onshore Iona facility in the state's west, owned by domestic gas storage firm Lochard Energy which plans to expand its capacity by 3PJ . But further capacity is needed to help bridge seasonal gaps, with the new laws possibly advancing privately-owned GB Energy's Golden Beach gas project, which could add 12.5PJ of storage to the grid. The Gippsland basin joint venture (GBJV) and Kipper Unit JV which feed the three Longford gas plants in the state's east have historically supplied about 60pc of southern states' gas, but operator Exxon plans to close one of the plants in July-October , cutting the 1.15 PJ/d facility's capacity to 700 TJ/d and further to 420 TJ/d later this decade. GBJV operated just 50 producing wells and six gas platforms in the 2024 southern hemisphere winter, with Exxon expecting a 70pc reduction in the number of wells from 2010 levels by next winter. The Australian Energy Market Operator's (Aemo) 2024 Victorian Gas Planning Report (VGPR) update confirmed the need for greater supply in Victoria, as declining demand would not offset the loss of supply from the GBJV. Peak southern state winter demand exceeds 2 PJ/d, but at full capacity, pipelines linking Queensland state's coal-bed methane fields to the southern states can meet only 20pc of such demand. Coal and gas-dependent Victoria this year approved its first nearshore gas project in a decade as the government softens its anti-gas stance. LNG import plans The possibility of LNG imports is firming in Victoria, with Australian refiner Viva Energy announcing public consultation has begun on its supplementary environmental effects statement (EES) for a planned floating storage and regasification unit, adjacent to its 120,000 b/d Geelong refinery. The Geelong LNG terminal would have the capacity to supply more than half of Victoria's current gas demand, Viva said on 12 September. The terminal's surplus gas could also flow into the connected southern states of South Australia, New South Wales and Tasmania. A public hearing into the proposal, which could see the import of 45 cargoes/yr, is expected to be held in December before an independent committee reports to the state's planning minister next year. Subject to a final investment decision, works could commence in 2026 to deliver first gas for winter 2028, Viva said, aligning with Aemo's expected shortfall of 50PJ in that year. By Tom Major Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.
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