Germany suggests phase out of crop biofuels by 2030

: Biofuels, Hydrogen
22/05/17

Germany's environment ministry is working on a proposal to phase out the use of biofuels produced from food and feed crops by 2030.

This comes at a time of rising food costs and waning supply of agricultural products caused by disruption of exports from main suppliers Ukraine and Russia.

A working paper released by the ministry suggests lowering the use of crop-based biofuels to comply with Germany's greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction quota to 2.5pc in 2023, from 4.4pc this year. The cap would then fall to 2.3pc in 2024, to 2.1pc in 2025, to 1.9pc in 2026-27, to 1.2pc in 2028-29 and then to zero the following year.

To compensate, the working paper suggests increasing the multiplier for electricity used to charge e-cars to four, from three currently, and the multiplier for the use of green hydrogen and PtX-fuels to three, from two. The cap for waste-based biodiesel produced from used cooking oils (Uco) and animal fats could be slightly lifted, but no numbers were given. It also proposes extending the use of upstream emission reduction (UER) projects to 2028, from the current phase-out date of after 2026.

The country's GHG quota would need a slight downward adjustment as well for the compliance years 2023 to 2026, the ministry's working group said.

The suggestions were criticised by German biofuels association VDB, which said a reduction of the proportion of biofuels is unnecessary because ethanol producers mostly use grain that is unsuitable for the food sector, and biodiesel producers have already cut back their production in favor of food production.

"The draft… is inflexible and unsuitable for addressing any problems with the availability of feedstocks," VDB managing director Elmar Baumann said.

By Sophie Barthel

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24/11/04

US railroad-labor contract talks heat up

Washington, 4 November (Argus) — Negotiations to amend US rail labor contracts are becoming increasingly complicated as railroads split on negotiating tactics, potentially stalling operations at some carriers. The multiple negotiating pathways are reigniting fears of 2022, when some unions agreed to new contracts and others were on the verge of striking before President Joe Biden ordered them back to work . Shippers feared freight delays if strikes occurred. This round, two railroads are independently negotiating with unions. Most of the Class I railroads have traditionally used the National Carriers' Conference Committee to jointly negotiate contracts with the nation's largest labor unions. Eastern railroad CSX has already reached agreements with labor unions representing 17 job categories, which combined represent nearly 60pc of its unionized workforce. "This is the right approach for CSX," chief executive Joe Hinrichs said last month. Getting the national agreements on wages and benefits done will then let CSX work with employees on efficiency, safety and other issues, he said. Western carrier Union Pacific is taking a similar path. "We look forward to negotiating a deal that improves operating efficiency, helps provide the service we sold to our customers" and enables the railroad to thrive, it said. Some talks may be tough. The Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers and Trainmen (BLET) and Union Pacific are in court over their most recent agreement. But BLET is meeting with Union Pacific chief executive Jim Vena next week, and with CSX officials the following week. Traditional group negotiation is also proceeding. BNSF, Norfolk Southern and the US arm of Canadian National last week initiated talks under the National Carriers' Conference Committee to amend existing contracts with 12 unions. Under the Railway Labor Act, rail labor contracts do not expire, a regulation designed to keep freight moving. But if railroads and unions again go months without reaching agreements, freight movements will again be at risk. By Abby Caplan Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

Trump unlikely to fully end US clean energy policies

24/11/04

Trump unlikely to fully end US clean energy policies

Houston, 4 November (Argus) — Although former US president Donald Trump has promised to end climate policies enacted during the administration of President Joe Biden, the political complications of reversing course make a full change of direction unlikely should Trump return to the White House. Trump has frequently criticized Inflation Reduction Act (IRA), promising to terminate the " Green New Scam " and rescind all unspent funds in the Biden administration's climate policy suite, if he is elected to a second term. But fulfilling that pledge may be difficult for many reasons, not least of which is whether Republicans have control of both chambers of Congress after Tuesday's election, including the unlikely outcome of a 60-seat majority needed to bypass a Senate filibuster. Beyond the math, Republican districts are benefiting from IRA funding, with some lawmakers from Trump's party already opposing the turmoil that could arise from an about-face on tax policy. "There's no way they're going to be able to replace and repeal the IRA, in large part because so many of the dollars are flowing to [Republican] states," said David Shepheard, a partner at consultant Baringa who specializes in energy and resources. "I think the pieces of the IRA that are most at risk are the [electric vehicle] tax credits, potentially some of the stimulative pieces around offshore wind." The IRA established a host of federal incentives to support clean electricity growth and the associated domestic supply chain. Those include technology-agnostic production and investment tax credits for electricity generators based on their emissions intensities. But the law went well beyond the power sector and also established credits for hydrogen production, electric vehicles and the manufacture of components needed by clean electricity systems. Project developers are counting on a policy trajectory that does not match Trump's rhetoric, which would allow some incentives to stay on the books. Companies expect market forces, such as corporate demand, and state mandates to continue to drive growth for solar and onshore wind and energy storage, rather than national politics. But there is more trepidation around offshore wind, a less mature sector for which the federal government is effectively the landlord for project sites. "There is no doubt that the trajectory of the US offshore wind industry will be impacted by the November election," Liz Burdock, chief executive of offshore wind industry group Oceantic Network, said. "Its outcome will influence how we maintain our momentum." Uncertainty around the US presidential election has dampened private investment in the sector this year, according to Oceantic. At the same time, companies say the industry has come a long way since 2016, with a handful of projects now operating, while recent macroeconomic challenges are subsiding. Furthermore, demand for offshore wind would continue at the state level, and these factors could make the industry more resilient to headwinds. Executive decisions Trump still could use the executive branch to "stonewall" sectors helped by the IRA in the absence of a repeal, including by influence the timing or distribution of IRA funds, according to Shepheard. He could shift regulators' priorities to new oil and gas development, which, along with other actions, could make resources such as combined-cycle natural gas plants more attractive than renewables. "The extent that renewables and other cleaner energy assets are competing with gas, that'll be the big change from a Trump administration," Shepheard said. At the same time, funding for onshore wind and solar is "relatively safe", and tax credits for hydrogen and carbon capture are on comparably firm ground because of support from the oil and gas industry, Shepheard said. Some companies have expressed cautious optimism that some elements of the IRA, such as the advanced manufacturing tax credit, will survive. The incentive is not only important for the solar supply chain but also offshore wind, as state-level solicitations often require developers to invest in local manufacturing. Republican states in the US southeast have already benefited from new factories springing up on the back of the credits. For example, Enel chose Oklahoma for a new new module plant , First Solar located a factory in Alabama and Qcells has expanded production in Georgia. Moreover, removing that carrot could leave the US solar industry reliant on Chinese companies, which could run afoul of Trump's protectionist trade instincts. Trump's campaign did not respond to multiple requests to elaborate on his policy plans. By Patrick Zemanek Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

Mexican hydrogen regulatory efforts gain ground

24/11/01

Mexican hydrogen regulatory efforts gain ground

Mexico City, 1 November (Argus) — The Mexican hydrogen association (AMH2) has made significant strides in recent discussions with regulators and officials, unveiling a comprehensive roadmap for industrial hydrogen adoption. The group's report estimates there will be demand for about 392,189 tonnes (t) of hydrogen per year across seven major industries during Mexico's pilot hydrogen development phase. This includes sector-specific hydrogen demands of 148,350 t/yr from oil refining through 10 potential applications; 107,325 t/yr for mining; 55,877 t/yr for hydrogen blending in natural gas; 23,932 t/yr in the metals industry; 35,040 t/yr tied to ammonia production; 15,265 t/yr for public transport; and 6,400 t/yr for methanol production. AMH2's strategy urges the administration of President Claudia Sheinbaum to designate a lead ministry for hydrogen development, prioritize green hydrogen production and introduce incentives for project financing, technology development and energy transition initiatives. Additionally, it calls for regulatory adaptations to facilitate hydrogen's integration into Mexico's natural gas infrastructure, including quality, transportation, distribution and safety standards, especially for industrial equipment. Legal reforms to support hydrogen development will also be needed, according to the report, targeting laws governing mining, water, hydrocarbons, nuclear energy, energy transition, environmental protection, electric power, bioenergy and geothermal power. For green hydrogen — generated with renewable energy — the focus would be on the latter five areas. These efforts align with Mexico's long-term energy plan (Prodesen 2023-2037), which envisions converting 12 combined cycle power plants, totaling 1.024GW, to operate on a 70pc natural gas and 30pc hydrogen blend between 2033 and 2036. AMH2 president Israel Hurtado said although Mexico's pipeline infrastructure could handle up to a 15pc green hydrogen blend, achieving a 30pc blend would require further technological advances expected over the next decade. Prodesen also identifies regions for hydrogen injection into pipeline networks, including Sonora, Sinaloa, Tamaulipas, Oaxaca, Veracruz, Baja California and the Yucatan peninsula. Yet new regulations will be crucial to establish a robust framework for hydrogen blending in existing infrastructure. The Sheinbaum's administration has committed to reducing carbon emissions and promoting clean energy, Hurtado said, with a $13.5bn investment pledge in renewables over six years and a target for 45pc of national power from renewables by 2030. AMH2 has built early connections with Sheinbaum's team, including Jorge Islas, her energy and climate advisor during the campaign, who now heads the energy ministry's (Sener) energy transition unit and supports green hydrogen initiatives. AMH2 leaders also recently met with energy regulator (CRE) president Leopoldo Melchi and commissioner Walter Jimenez, who expressed strong interest in hydrogen regulation. The association and CRE agreed to form a technical workgroup to develop clean hydrogen regulations collaboratively. Looking ahead, AMH2 plans to meet with energy minister Luz Elena Gonzalez and Mexico's economy ministry to further discuss the hydrogen strategy. But CRE's workgroup is on hold pending potential legislative reforms that could reorganize Mexico's energy regulators under Sener's supervision. Projects in development AMH2 has identified 16 hydrogen projects in Mexico, with eight in various development stages and eight announced. Primarily focused on green hydrogen, these projects represent an estimated $19bn investment. The largest, Helax, is a $10bn green hydrogen production facility in Oaxaca, connected to the Interoceanic Trans-Isthmus Corridor. AMH2 anticipates production to start within two years following initial permitting. The roadmap suggests that, even if only six projects are operational by 2030, the sector could generate 3.351GW and attract $1.8bn in investments. These projects are projected to bring in $2.5bn in revenue over six years and yield $1.9bn in tax contributions. By James Young Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

October a record month for AOM Ucome trading

24/11/01

October a record month for AOM Ucome trading

London, 1 November (Argus) — Used cooking oil methyl ester (Ucome) had its strongest month yet on the Argus Open Markets (AOM) deal initiation platform in October, with 107,000t changing hands. Ucome activity more than quadrupled on the month after only 26,000t traded in September. Ucome traded in October made up 19.6pc of total Ucome volumes traded in 2024 so far. For all three products combined — RME, Ucome, and Fame 0 — October 2024 was the most active month of trading since August 2023, and before that, July 2022. RME trade totalled 145,000t, a 150pc increase from September, and 104,000t of Fame 0 changed hands, a 108pc increase. In total, 356,000t of biodiesel was traded in October, up from 134,000t in September and 143,000t in August. The rise in activity aligned with the start of the new quarter and some major news for the market. At the end of September, Germany proposed a draft bill that would prevent excess greenhouse gas (GHG) quota tickets from being carried into 2025 and 2026. GHG quota tickets are the compliance mechanism for the GHG reduction mandate that governs biofuels usage, and the market is heavily oversupplied at the moment, pressuring down prices and encouraging companies to buy and use tickets rather than physical biofuels. By starting from scratch for 2025, participants except demand to pick up substantially, although until the end of 2024 tickets will remain the cheaper option. The immediate response to the announcement of the draft bill in Germany was a surge of activity in the related paper markets for the fourth quarter, a final piece encouraging physical trading. As of the last day of the October contract, open interest stood at 1,742 lots for Ucome, 1,167 lots for Fame 0, and 2,472 lots for RME. Total open interest for the fourth quarter was 4,655 lots for Ucome, 4,396 lots for Fame 0, and 7,529 lots for RME, according to Ice data. Many companies with strong paper positions will manage exposure by trading some portion of the total volume in the spot market. The Dutch government confirmed that the country's ticket carry-over levels will be reduced, which should also increase biofuels demand next year. Biofuels mandates throughout Europe go up at the start of the new year, along with the introduction of ReFuel mandates for aviation and shipping. This all combines for a much more positive outlook for 2025 demand than the market expected, as well as stronger competition for supply. The increase in trading started a quarter ahead, as companies look to take advantage of the changes, prepare for 2025, and still cover any shorts until the end of this year. European producers have been struggling with low production margins, which has slowed down production levels. European supply has tightened because of this and imports are down because of provisional anti-dumping duties on China, which may have also encouraged some companies into the window to find product. In the macroeconomic environment, volatility in energy markets following increased tensions in the Middle East also prompted some trading, as the Ice gasoil contract underpins European biodiesel prices and has closely followed military developments. Some participants reported an overall higher risk appetite for the fourth quarter after several months of very subdued market activity. By Simone Burgin Monthly AOM trade volumes t Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

US biofuel feedstock use dips in August

24/10/31

US biofuel feedstock use dips in August

New York, 31 October (Argus) — Renewable feedstock usage in the US was down slightly in August but still near all-time highs, even as biomass-based diesel production capacity slipped. There were nearly 3.5bn lbs of renewable feedstocks sent to biodiesel, renewable diesel, and sustainable aviation fuel production in August this year, up from fewer than 3bn lbs a year prior, according to the US Energy Information Administration's (EIA) latest Monthly Biofuels Capacity and Feedstocks Update report. August consumption was 0.4pc below levels in July and 0.5pc below record-high levels in June. US soybean oil consumption for biofuels rose to 39.3mn lbs/d in August, up by 2.1pc from a year earlier on a per-pound basis and up 6.9pc from a month prior. The increase was entirely attributable to increased usage for renewable diesel production, with the feedstock's use for biodiesel slipping slightly from July. Canola oil consumption for biofuels hit 14.2mn lbs/d, up by 58.1pc from a year prior on a per-bound basis but still 19.4pc below record-high levels in July. Distillers corn oil usage, typically less volatile month-to-month than other feedstocks, bucked that trend to hit a high for the year of 13.6mn lbs/d in August. That monthly consumption is up 13.6pc from a year earlier and 20.9pc from a month earlier. Among waste feedstocks, usage of yellow grease, which includes used cooking oil, rose to 22.4mn lbs/d in August, up 13.8pc from levels a year prior and 5.8pc from levels in July. Tallow consumption for biofuels was at 18.6 mn lbs/d over the month, an increase of 27.8pc from August last year but a decrease of 13.4pc from July this year. Production capacity of renewable diesel and similar biofuels — including renewable heating oil, renewable jet fuel, renewable naphtha, and renewable gasoline — was at 4.6bn USG/yr in August, according to EIA. That total is 24.1pc higher than a year earlier and flat from July levels. US biodiesel production capacity meanwhile declined to fewer than 2bn USG/yr over the month, down by 4.3pc from a year earlier and 1.3pc from a month earlier. US biomass-based diesel production capacity has expanded considerably in recent years, but refiners have recently confronted challenging economics as ample supply of fuels used to comply with government programs has helped depress the prices of environmental credits and hurt margins. The industry is also bracing for changes to federal policy given this year's election and a new clean fuel tax credit set to kick off in January. That credit, known as "45Z", will offer a greater subsidy to fuels that produce fewer greenhouse gas emissions, likely encouraging refiners to source more waste feedstocks over vegetable oils. That dynamic is already shaping feedstock usage this year, with Phillips 66 executives saying this week that the company's renewable fuels refinery in California is currently running more higher carbon-intensity feedstocks ahead of a shift to using more waste early next year. By Cole Martin Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

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