The US' planned extension of 25pc import tariffs on steel set to go into effect on 12 March will wipe out existing import quotas, exclusions and agreements established during the first administration of President Donald Trump, essentially resetting the playing field for US steel imports.
The proclamation signed by Trump on 10 February said the tariffs are intended to increase US steel capacity utilization to 80pc and close loopholes in the existing tariff scheme that have led to increased imports. This would mean certain products that had been excluded from past tariffs, including those not currently made domestically, would no longer be able to be exempted once existing exclusion orders expire or volume quotas are reached, whichever happens first.
Trump's latest tariff push will also target a broader swath of downstream steel products, while setting up a dedicated process for US producers and industry groups to request products be subject to the 25pc tariff. The US will determine whether or not to include the product within 60 days of the request.
The Trump proclamation cited increased imports of steel derivative products, such as fabricated structural steel and pre-stressed concrete strand, as signs of countries evading the existing tariff, which was implemented under Section 232 of the Trade Expansion Act.
Market participants widely expected the reinforcement of the 25pc import tariff for steel. But many initially downplayed the possibility for the import tariff rate to increase to 50pc for Canada and Mexico, which would be the case if the US moves forward with proposed blanket 25pc duties for those two countries next month.
Trump first imposed Section 232 national security tariffs of 10pc on aluminum and 25pc on steel imports in March 2018. Since then the tariffs have been partially rolled back on certain countries, while importers were allowed to ask for product-specific exclusions.
Currently Australia and Canada can export any steel and aluminum they want to into the US without tariffs, while Mexico can export steel melted and poured in the US-Mexico-Canada (USMCA) agreement region into the US without tariffs, while any material with an origin outside of USMCA is subject to 25pc tariffs.
Steel tariff rate quota (TRQ) systems were in place for Argentina, Brazil, the EU, Japan, South Korea and the UK for steel products, with specifics dependent on the country.
Steel imports are heavily reliant on the nontariffed countries, with their volumes making up 80pc of the 26.2mn metric tonnes (t) of steel products imported in 2024, according to US Department of Commerce data.
