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IEA estimates record high fossil fuel subsidies in 2022

  • Market: Coal, Crude oil, Natural gas
  • 16/02/23

Fossil fuel consumption subsidies soared to an all-time high in 2022, as governments sought to temper record energy prices, preliminary data from energy watchdog the IEA show.

Global fossil fuel consumption subsidies reached $1.097 trillion in 2022, the IEA estimated — double on the year and a 46pc increase on the amount in 2012, previously the highest on record. The watchdog's preliminary data show that in 2022, subsidies worth $399bn were spent on electricity and $346bn on natural gas — respectively double and more than double on the year. Oil subsidies accounted for $343bn, which remained lower than oil subsidies in 2012 and 2013. But coal subsidies totalled $9bn, the highest on since IEA records began in 2010.

Many interventions to limit the effects of energy price volatility in advanced economies did not meet the IEA's definition of fossil fuel consumption subsidies, the organisation said, given that average end-user prices held above market values. More than $500bn in extra spending in advanced economies was committed to bring down energy bills, in addition to the subsidies, the IEA said.

The Glasgow Climate Pact, signed at the UN Cop 26 climate summit in 2021, called on countries to "phase-out… inefficient fossil fuel subsidies, while providing targeted support to the poorest and most vulnerable". Also at Cop 26, more than 20 countries, including most G7 nations, pledged to phase out public financing of unabated coal, oil and gas projects abroad by the end of 2022.

Concerns mounted ahead of Cop 27 that Russia's war in Ukraine and subsequent fears over energy security could overshadow the pledge. The UK, Denmark, Sweden, Finland and France have "almost completely ended their international support for fossil energy projects", with no exceptions for gas or LNG infrastructure, non-governmental organisation Oil Change International said. Canada has also taken measures to halt overseas funding for fossil fuels.


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25/02/25

Energy Traders Europe against EU storage regs extension

Energy Traders Europe against EU storage regs extension

London, 25 February (Argus) — Industry association Energy Traders Europe wants the European Commission to rule out a possible extension of the EU's gas storage obligations past the end of 2025 in order to "restore some calm" to the market, gas committee chair Doug Wood told Argus . While the association recognises the drivers behind the introduction of the original legislation in 2022, it is "concerned about the distortive nature of some of these measures, and strongly recommended they should not be sustained into times of normal market operation", it told Argus . Since the energy crisis in 2022, additional LNG import capacity in Europe has come on line, interconnection capacities between member states have increased, more renewable electricity capacity has reduced the call on gas-fired power generation and industrial demand has dropped or "become more responsive", meaning the need for "ongoing strict interventionist measures is no longer present", the association said. The continued emphasis on storage filling as opposed to a "broader approach to security" has led to a "concentration of activity" in this area, which in combination with other factors has driven summer prices above winter, the association noted. This leaves EU member states "trapped between having a very expensive form of security, or saving money but leaving storage under-filled", Wood said. But some member states are "fuelling further uncertainty" by calling for the extension of these storage obligations past the end of 2025, but with more flexibility or exemptions, the association said. This "creates the greatest uncertainty for those who would plan for storage injections", and the risk of further interventions, or "worse still, unpredictable responses by member states in how they choose to apply obligations", will deter commercial storage filling, Energy Traders Europe said. This risks extending the uncertainty to future years, and member states will repeatedly need to "choose between filling storage using non-commercial entities as a distressed buyer, or leaving it empty", it added. The current situation has made the market "highly volatile", so the most helpful action now "would be to restore some calm by ruling out a possible extension of storage obligations to 2026 and beyond", Wood said. Many of these points echo similar ones made by gas industry association Eurogas earlier this month . The commission will publish a legislative proposal on the extension of its gas storage regulation before the end of March , according to a document seen by Argus . By Brendan A'Hearn Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2025. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

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Australia’s Woodside sees robust demand for LNG


25/02/25
News
25/02/25

Australia’s Woodside sees robust demand for LNG

Sydney, 25 February (Argus) — Australian independent Woodside Energy sees LNG demand exceeding supply into the 2030s as project delays lead timelines for nearly 30mn t/yr of new capacity to slip into the next decade, chief executive Meg O'Neill said after releasing the firm's 2024 annual results today. Headwinds affecting some projects and "ongoing, robust demand" within Asia-Pacific will prevent any LNG supply glut, despite easing regulatory hurdles under the Trump administration, O'Neill told investors. Such headwinds could also impact Woodside. The company's 14.4mn t/yr North West Shelf (NWS) terminal is still waiting for federal consent to continue operations past 2030, after passing state government scrutiny last year following six years of assessments. And the planned 11.4mn t/yr Browse project hinges on NWS approvals being granted, with Woodside preferring a decision is made before Australia's elections in May, in which Green and other climate-conscious MPs may win a balance of power. O'Neill said the fully-priced engineering, procurement and construction contract with engineering firm Bechtel for the initial stage of its Louisiana LNG project was "differentiating" with other nearby proposed terminals requiring re-pricing, as Woodside aims to sell down 50pc of the terminal. Woodside will not take a final investment decision (FID) on Louisiana unless it is confident it has partners signed up or extremely close, O'Neill said, referencing the sale of 49pc of Pluto train 2 at FID before it later offloaded part of the Scarborough gas field that will supply the project. "I think there's potential for us to have the whole 50pc [target] sold-down by FID," O'Neill said, adding that "deep negotiations" were underway as the project aims for FID-readiness by 31 March. Woodside said it will cut expenditure on exploration and its New Energy division by $150mn to focus on producing assets. Exploration outlay was $342mn in 2024 and is guided at $200mn for 2025, while the savings from New Energy will mainly come from pausing its 60 t/d H2OK project in the US . In New Energy, Woodside will prioritise its 83pc complete, 1.1mn t/yr US Beaumont ammonia project ahead of first output in July-December and first low-carbon or blue ammonia using carbon capture and storage in the second half of 2026. Cost of production for phase 1 will be $260-$300/t, based on assumed costs after start-up from 2027-29 at 96pc uptime, a fixed/variable split of 70/30pc, a range of Henry hub gas pricing and the 45Q tax credit that grants $85/t of CO2 stored. Woodside made a profit of $3.57bn in 2024, up from $1.66bn for 2023 but below 2022's record of $6.5bn. It posted lower realised oil and gas prices of $63.6/bl of oil equivalent (boe) in 2024 from $68.6/boe in 2023, despite its output rising to 530,000 boe/d. The firm kept its 2025 guidance unchanged at 186mn-196mn boe (510,000-537,000 boe/d). Forecast capital expenditure of $4.5bn-5bn is focused on its 80pc complete Scarborough and 20pc complete Trion projects. By Tom Major Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2025. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

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Reopening New Zealand refinery could cost $4bn: Study


25/02/25
News
25/02/25

Reopening New Zealand refinery could cost $4bn: Study

Sydney, 25 February (Argus) — Reopening New Zealand's mothballed 135,000 b/d Marsden Point refinery (MPR) could take six years and cost up to NZ$7.3bn ($4.2bn), according to a government-commissioned study. MPR, New Zealand's only refinery that is located north of largest city of Auckland, was converted to an oil product import terminal in 2022. The interim report, which was commissioned by New Zealand's National-led government last year, cited Australian professional services firm Worley's estimates that reestablishing refining would require NZ$4.9bn-7.3bn. This imposes significant risks and costs on MPR owner Channel Infrastructure, which has imported oil products since refining ended in 2022. A reopening would provide more resilience against quality issues with imported fuels, increase stockholding and provide local employment. But this is offset by a dependence on crude imports, with MPR becoming a single point of failure risk, and increased greenhouse gas emissions associated with refining. Fuel Security Study The Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment on 25 February separately released a Fuel Security Study, which found that fuel security remains threatened by supply disruption. It recommends that the nation instead focus on increased storage and zero-emission vehicles instead of reopening MPR. The strategies considered for improving New Zealand's fuel supply security included reopening the refinery or building a new one, increasing jet fuel and diesel storages, expanding trucking capacity to mitigate against infrastructure failures, investing in biofuels production and increasing uptake of zero-emissions transport. Resurrecting MPR or building a new refinery for locally produced crude would be inefficient given either expense or the limited effectiveness that a new facility would have in supplying all fuel types required, the study found. The most cost-effective security enhancement is increasing storage levels of diesel and jet fuel, while gasoline was less of a concern given generally high stocks, with more gasoline storages to be converted to other fuels as demand falls owing to electric vehicle (EV) uptake. EVs will likely diminish New Zealand's reliance on gasoline but diesel use will taper off more slowly given less advanced alternatives, while jet fuel demand is likely to rise without other realistic options in the short term. Biofuels were found to be viable for securing domestic jet fuel and diesel supply, but further study is required and developing this sector would cost more. About 70pc of New Zealand's fuel imports are from Singapore or South Korea, exposing the country to shipping disruptions, but fuel companies' ability to adjust supply chains would mitigate any major impacts, the study said. Internally, the threat of natural disasters impacting pipelines or import terminals should lead to more thorough planning for such events. New Zealand would carefully weigh the costs and benefits of the actions suggested in the fuel study, associate energy minister Shane Jones said on 25 February, including considering the creation of energy precincts and special economic zones to spur a domestic biofuels sector. Jones, a member of the NZ First party in coalition with National, added that creating such zones with special regulations and investment support could help attract overseas investors. By Tom Major Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2025. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

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Italy's Saipem to merge with Norway's Subsea 7


24/02/25
News
24/02/25

Italy's Saipem to merge with Norway's Subsea 7

London, 24 February (Argus) — Italy's Saipem and Norway's Subsea 7 have agreed to merge, creating a global energy services company with revenues of around €20bn/yr ($21bn/yr) and an order backlog of €43bn. The move is designed to create the scale to tackle large and complex energy projects focused on engineering and construction (E&C) but also on energy transition projects such as wind and carbon capture. Saipem held talks with Subsea 7 over a possible tie-up several years ago but failed to reach an agreement. "The combination will give us a scale that is more in harmony with the magnitude of the projects in offshore energy for oil and gas and renewables industries," said Kristian Siem, chairman of Subsea 7. Under the merger, Subsea 7 will be folded into its Italian rival, with shareholders of the Norwegian company receiving 6.688 Saipem shares for each share they own, along with an extraordinary dividend of €450mn. Each set of shareholders will hold 50pc of the new company on completion. Saipem's largest shareholders — oil and gas firm Eni and state lender CDP — and Subsea 7's largest shareholder Siem Industries have all entered into a separate agreement to support the deal. The new company, Saipem 7, will have a fleet of more than 60 vessels which management says will give it the flexibility to better respond to client requests. "The new company is very, very much an offshore E&C company," said Subsea 7 chief executive John Evans, noting that over 80pc of its operating income comes from this segment. "The two fleets are very compatible and complementary and will allow clients to have a single global service provider to provide everything from ultra-shallow water in the Middle East to ultra-deep in some of the newer provinces," he said. Asked if the new company would be asset light by leasing more of its vessels, Evans said the model of combining older company-owned ships and leased units would continue. "You have to remember that with our backlogs we will be very busy for the next 2-3 years," he said. The merger is expected to generate annual synergies of around €300m in the third year after completion, driven in large part by fleet optimisation and procurement. It is scheduled to close in the second half of 2026 with a binding merger agreement expected mid-2025. Saipem 7 will be listed in both Milan and Oslo and will be headquartered in Milan, although the offshore E&C business will be run as a separate business based in London. Saipem chief executive Alessandro Puliti, who will take over the role of chief executive at Saipem 7, said any decision to spin off the offshore E&C division at a later stage would be evaluated on an opportunistic basis. Puliti said the new company is expected to pay a dividend of at least 40pc of free cash flow after repayment of lease liabilities. By Stephen Jewkes Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2025. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

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Grangemouth refinery site to get $253mn in public funds


24/02/25
News
24/02/25

Grangemouth refinery site to get $253mn in public funds

Edinburgh, 24 February (Argus) — The UK government has committed £200mn ($253mn) for investment in clean energy for the site where UK-Chinese firm Petroineos' 150,000 b/d Grangemouth refinery, due to be permanently shut this year, is located. The government said on 23 February that it will work alongside private sector partners to develop new industries and leverage additional funding through the £200mn in public investment allocated from the UK's National Wealth Fund (NWF). The NWF was set up last year by the government to support investment in clean energy industries and mobilise private sector involvement across the UK. "The funding will be available for co-investment with the private sector to help unlock Grangemouth's full potential and secure our clean energy future," UK prime minister Keir Starmer said. Petroineos is planning to close the Grangemouth refinery in Scotland, this year and turn it into an import terminal because of high costs and declining fuel demand in Europe. Refineries in Europe have long faced competitiveness issues from larger and newer refineries in other regions including the Mideast Gulf, Asia-Pacific and Africa. Around 30 refineries have closed in Europe since 2000, while 2.5mn b/d of crude distillation capacity was added outside the region in the past three years alone. Only around 65 workers will be retained by Petroineos to run the terminal once the Grangemouth refinery closes. The government committed to provide a training guarantee for the staff at the refinery to gain new skills at local colleges. UK union Unite welcomed the announcement, saying that the "significant investment should be the start of a real industrial plan for Grangemouth that both safeguards Scotland's energy security and delivers the jobs of the future." But the union warned that clear timescales for the development of Grangemouth and details on jobs were needed. Unite is supporting the conversion of the refinery into a biorefinery for the production of sustainable aviation fuel (SAF). Petroineos said last year that it did not deem the refinery conversion viable, after having considered it. The firm did not immediately reply to a request for comment following the release of the new government funding. The UK government announcement comes after Scotland's first minister John Swinney committed to allocate £25mn from the proceeds of the Scottish offshore wind leasing round ScotWind to establish a just transition fund for Grangemouth. "The aim is to expedite any of the potential solutions that will be set out in the Project Willow report, as well as other proposals that will give Grangemouth a secure and sustainable future," he said last week. Project Willow is a feasibility study commissioned by the UK and Scottish governments to identify long-term industrial options for the site. The report is due to be released this spring. By Caroline Varin Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2025. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

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