Latest market news

Japanese firms target ammonia-fuelled bulk carrier

  • Market: Fertilizers, Freight
  • 11/04/24

A group of Japanese companies plan to work with Germany-based engine manufacturer MAN Energy Solutions in developing an ammonia-fuelled bulk carrier.

Shipping firms Kwasaki Kisen Kaisha (Kline) and NS United Kaiun, trading house Itochu and vessel engineering firms Nihon Shipyard and Mitsui E&S signed an initial agreement on 10 April to develop a pilot 200,000dwt-class bulk carrier equipped with an ammonia-fuelled engine. The vessel will be used to collect data for building future commercial ships.

Kline said it is unsure when the pilot vessel will be commissioned and when it will begin operating the ammonia-fuelled bulk carriers. The companies are also currently unsure how much ammonia will be needed for voyages.

MAN Energy Solutions and Mitsui E&S will develop the ammonia-fuelled engine, Nihon Shipyard will build the vessel, while Itochu, Kline and NS United Kaiun will manage the ship to collect operating data. Itochu will also be in charge of sharing ammonia supply chain-related information.

Japanese shipping firm NYK Line, engine developers IHI Power Systems and Japan Engine, Nihon Shipyard and Japanese classification society Class NK are also attempting to build an ammonia-fuelled ammonia carrier, targeting a commissioning in 2026.


Sharelinkedin-sharetwitter-sharefacebook-shareemail-share

Related news posts

Argus illuminates the markets by putting a lens on the areas that matter most to you. The market news and commentary we publish reveals vital insights that enable you to make stronger, well-informed decisions. Explore a selection of news stories related to this one.

News
23/12/24

Viewpoint: US LPG cargo premiums poised to fall

Viewpoint: US LPG cargo premiums poised to fall

Houston, 23 December (Argus) — The booming US LPG export market has fueled record spot fees this year for terminal operators that send those cargoes abroad, but those fees are poised to fall next year as additional export capacity comes online. US propane exports surged over the past two years, hitting an all-time high of 1.85mn b/d in the first quarter of this year, according to data from the US Energy Information Administration (EIA). Terminal fees for spot propane cargoes out of the US Gulf coast hit an all-time high of Mont Belvieu +32.5¢/USG (+$169.325/t) in mid-September. US propane production is expected to grow by another 80,000 b/d in 2025 to 2.22mn b/d while the outlook for domestic consumption is fairly steady, at 820,000 b/d next year — meaning even more propane will be pushed into the waterborne market. But that is dependent on US infrastructure keeping up with the pace of production. US export terminals in Houston, Nederland and Freeport, Texas, have run at or above capacity for the last two years given the thirst for cheaper US feedstock, largely from propane dehydrogenation (PDH) plant operators in China. This demand has created bottlenecks at US docks, and midstream operators like Enterprise, Energy Transfer, and Targa have rushed to ramp up spending on both pipelines and additional refrigeration to stay ahead of the wave of additional production. US gas output spurs LPG exports As upstream producers have ramped up natural gas production ahead of new LNG projects, most producers are counting on LPG demand from international outlets in Asia to offload the ethane and propane the US cannot consume. For the past four years, Asian buyers have been more than happy to oblige. US propane exports to China rose from zero in 2019, when China imposed tariffs on US imports, to an average of 1.36mn metric tonnes (t) per month in January-November 2024, according to data from analytics firm Kpler, making China the largest offtaker of US shipments. US exports to Japan averaged 480,000t per month throughout most of 2024, and exports to Korea averaged 460,000t per month in the first 11 months of 2024. China, Korea, and Japan received 52pc of US propane exports in 2024, up from 49pc in 2020, according to data from Vortexa. Strong demand in Asia has kept delivered prices in Japan high enough to sustain an open arbitrage between the US and the Argus Far East Index (AFEI). Forward-month in-well propane prices at Mont Belvieu, Texas, have remained well below delivered propane on the AFEI. In 2020, Mont Belvieu Enterprise (EPC) propane averaged a $143/t discount to delivered AFEI — a spread that has only widened as additional PDH units in Asia have come online. During the first 11 months of 2024, the Mont Belvieu to AFEI spread averaged a hefty $219/t, leaving plenty of room for wider netbacks in the form of higher terminal fees for US sellers, especially as a wave of new VLGCs entering the global market has left shipowners with less leverage to take advantage of the wider arbitrage. The resulting wider arbitrage to Asia has kept US export terminals running full for the last two years. So when a series of weather-related events and maintenance in May-September limited the number of spot cargoes operators could sell and delayed scheduled shipments, term buyers willing to resell any of their loadings could effectively name their price. This spurred the record-high premiums for spot propane cargoes in September. New projects may narrow premium An increase in US midstream firm investments in additional dock capacity and added refrigeration in the years ahead could narrow those terminal fees, however. Announced projects from Enterprise and Energy Transfer, in particular, will add a combined 550,000 b/d of LPG export capacity out of Houston and Nederland, Texas by the end of 2026. Enterprise's new Neches River terminal project near Beaumont, Texas, will add another 360,000 b/d of either ethane or propane export capacity in the same timeframe. These additions are poised to limit premiums for spot cargoes by the end of 2025. Already, it appears the spike in spot cargo premiums to Mont Belvieu has abated for the rest of 2024. Spot terminal fees for propane sank to Mont Belvieu +14¢/USG by the end of November. The lower premiums come not only as terminals resume a more normal loading schedule, but at the same time a surplus of tons into Asia ahead of winter heating demand has narrowed the arbitrage. The spread between in-well EPC propane at Mont Belvieu fell from $214.66/t to $194.45/t during November. A backwardated market for AFEI paper into the second quarter of 2025 means US prices are poised to fall more in order to keep the spread from narrowing further. By Amy Strahan Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

Find out more
News

Viewpoint: Tight US phosphate supply may ease


23/12/24
News
23/12/24

Viewpoint: Tight US phosphate supply may ease

Houston, 23 December (Argus) — US phosphate buyers expect tight supply to ease next year after a lackluster fall application season left bins fuller, while unfavorable affordability will likely curtail spring demand. Tight P2O5 supply concerns driven by supply disruptions were of frequent concern among market participants earlier this year when DAP prices were roughly $80-100/st higher than price levels at the start of this December and MAP prices were at least $20/st higher. In May, a brush fire at major US phosphate producer Mosaic's Riverview facility in Florida caused a decrease in output. Market fundamentals tightened further throughout the summer and into early fall because of several hurricanes that made landfall in Louisiana and Florida, which reduced production from Mosaic and producer Nutrien's facilities. Higher phosphate values, lower crop prices and the resulting deterioration in affordability in the last six months of 2024 compared to 2023 deterred farmer buying interest. Some US buyers bought more triple superphosphate (TSP) throughout the summer as it became more economically appealing for the fall despite its lower nutrient content relative to MAP or DAP. The overall disinterest from farmers to use phosphate products this fall left higher-than-expected inventories across the Corn Belt that will carry over into next year and likely alleviate supply concerns along the Mississippi River for this spring. The US for the 2024/25 fertilizer year so far has imported less DAP and MAP compared with previous years, likely a result of poor affordability and farmer disinterest. Roughly 762,000 metric tonnes (t) of combined DAP and MAP were imported into the US from July through October, down from 34pc for the same period during the 2023/24 fertilizer year and 3pc lower than the five-year-average, according to US Census Bureau data. The absence of Moroccan producer OCP's phosphate products will continue to tighten US market fundamentals for the 2024/25 fertilizer year. The US Department of Commerce recently raised the phosphate import duty for OCP to 16.8pc from a preliminary rate of 14.2pc for calendar year 2022 and forward if it goes unchallenged. But most domestic buyers have been able to source product from elsewhere, like Jordan, Australia and Saudi Arabia. The US market also imported nearly 290,000t of TSP from July through October. That was 30pc higher than a year earlier and 70pc higher than the five-year-average, reflecting its recent appeal as a more affordable product. Affordability remains a headwind for demand in the spring as well. Based on the ratio between select phosphate barge prices and corn futures, farmer purchasing power for DAP and MAP has weakened throughout 2024 compared with 2023. This forces farmers to sell more of their crops to afford a ton of phosphate fertilizer. Market participants expect spring demand in 2025 to be lower than the robust demand seen last spring and for the market to be well supplied as a result. "Unless a big run on phosphate happens [this spring], we are looking at more supply than people know what to do with," one seller relayed. By Taylor Zavala Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

News

Viewpoint: Brazil may face road bottleneck in 1Q


23/12/24
News
23/12/24

Viewpoint: Brazil may face road bottleneck in 1Q

Sao Paulo, 23 December (Argus) — The Brazilian soybean harvest and fertilizer deliveries for the country's 2024-25 second corn crop will likely drive first-quarter grain and fertilizer road freight rates higher. Grain freight rates have been unusually low in 2024 because lower international soybean prices discouraged producers from doing business in most months. But market participants expect greater demand for transportation services in export corridors in 2025, as an expected record 2024-25 harvest combines with a US dollar that has strengthening against the Brazilian real, driving export demand. Brazil will produce 166.2mn metric tonnes (t) of soybeans in the 2024-25 cycle, an increase of almost 13pc from the previous season, according to national supply company Conab's third official estimate for the cycle. The 2024-25 soybean harvest in Mato Grosso state — Brazil's largest producer — will total 44mn t, also 13pc above 2023-24 production, according to the state's institute of agricultural economics Imea. Mato Grosso's soybean planting pace for 2024-25 has fluctuated significantly over the growing season, initially advancing slowly because of dry weather, and then speeding up once rains returned. Planting was complete on only 25pc of the almost 12.7mn hectares (ha) expected for the cycle by 18 October, less than the 60pc reached at the same time in 2023 for the 2023-24 cycle. But planting increased by 68.6 percentage points in the following three weeks, totaling 93.7pc by 8 November. As a result, more than half of the soybean planted area in Mato Grosso was carried out in the same three week period. That raises concerns among market participants about high competition for export transportation and available vehicles when all those crops become ready for harvest at the same time, resulting in a logistical bottleneck. Market participants expect lower freight rates for exports during the 2024-25 second corn harvest, set to take place in the second half of 2025. Demand from the Brazilian domestic market will remain at a consistently high level, especially from ethanol units, whose demand for corn was high in 2024, as prices carried a premium to the export market, and also contributed to lower export volumes. This should lead to lower grain freight rates during the second half of 2025, with a significant portion of grain destined to meet the Brazilian industry's needs. Corn ethanol production in Brazil is expected to total 7.2bn liters (124,865 b/d) in the 2024-25 cycle, a 22pc increase from 5.9bn l in the previous cycle, according to Conab. The company projects that 1t of corn can produce around 400l of ethanol, which means that approximately 18mn t of corn will be consumed by the ethanol industry. Brazil is expected to produce around 86.2mn t of animal feed in 2024, 2.3pc more than it did in 2023, according to the sector's national union Sindiracoes. This should stimulate demand for about 55mn t of corn for all animal feed production expected this year. Animal feed production is expected to grow further in 2025 to 87.8mn t. Ferts freight rates may also increase Fertilizer transportation may face logistical bottlenecks to move inputs from ports to crops in early 2025 because of the slow pace of fertilizer purchases, especially nitrogen, for the 2024-25 second corn harvest. With the purchase window coming to a close by the end of December, market participants estimate that these nutrients have to arrive at Brazilian ports by early January, so that they can be transported in time for application during the grain harvest. That may also increase competition for vehicles in the first quarter of 2025, especially in January, when the supply of trucks is reduced following end-of-year festivities. Under these circumstances, higher fertilizer freight rates and higher costs for road logistics are expected. By João Petrini Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

News

US Congress passes waterways bill


19/12/24
News
19/12/24

US Congress passes waterways bill

Houston, 19 December (Argus) — The US Senate has passed a bipartisan waterways infrastructure bill, providing a framework for further investment in the country's waterways system. The waterways bill, also known as the Water Resources and Development Act (WRDA), was approved by the Senate in a 97-1 vote on 18 December after clearing the US House of Representatives on 10 December. The WRDA's next stop is the desk of President Joe Biden, who is expected to sign the bill. The WRDA has been passed every two years, authorizing the US Army Corps of Engineers (Corps) to undertake waterways infrastructure and navigation projects. Funding for individual projects must still be approved by Congress. Several agriculture-based groups voiced their support for the bill, saying it will improve transit for agricultural products on US waterways. The bill also shifts the funding of waterways projects to 75pc from the federal government and 25pc from the Inland Waterways Trust Fund instead of the previous 65-35pc split. "Increasing the general fund portion of the cost-share structure will promote much needed investment for inland navigation projects, as well as provide confidence to the industry that much needed maintenance and modernization of our inland waterway system will happen," Fertilizer Institute president Corey Rosenbusch said. The bill includes a provision to assist with the damaged Wilson Lock along the Tennessee River in Alabama. By Meghan Yoyotte Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

News

USDA awards more funding to increase fertilizer output


19/12/24
News
19/12/24

USDA awards more funding to increase fertilizer output

Houston, 19 December (Argus) — The US Department of Agriculture (USDA) awarded over $100mn this week across nine states to increase domestic fertilizer production as the effort to make farmer affordability more favorable continues. About $116mn will be invested through the USDA's Fertilizer Production Expansion Program (FPEP) to help eight facilities expand output in California, Colorado, Georgia, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Oklahoma and Wisconsin. Recipients include the Michigan Potash Company, where the construction of a new facility should yield 400,000 metric tonnes (t) annually of high-grade potash, and Farmers Cooperative Association, where funding will expand its existing dry fertilizer facility with additional storage and processing capacity. "When we invest in domestic supply chains, we drive down input costs and increase options for farmers," USDA secretary Tom Vilsack said. Through the FPEP, the USDA has invested $517mn in 76 fertilizer production facilities across 34 states and Puerto Rico. President Joe Biden's administration committed up to $900mn in the program through the Commodity Credit Corporation, which is expected to support long-term investments by strengthening supply chains. Higher US fertilizer prices throughout this year deterred fall demand as lower crop prices forced farmers to sell more of a crop to afford nutrients. The last USDA FPEP funding announcement was in August , when $35mn was granted to boost seven domestic production projects. By Taylor Zavala Send comments and request more information at feedback@argusmedia.com Copyright © 2024. Argus Media group . All rights reserved.

Generic Hero Banner

Business intelligence reports

Get concise, trustworthy and unbiased analysis of the latest trends and developments in oil and energy markets. These reports are specially created for decision makers who don’t have time to track markets day-by-day, minute-by-minute.

Learn more